Active compound combinations

ABSTRACT

Active compound combinations are disclosed which comprise (A) a dithiino-tetracarboximide of formula (I) and a further insecticidally active compound (B). Methods for controlling animal pests such as insects and/or unwanted acarids and for curatively or preventively controlling the phytopathogenic fungi of plants or crops are also disclosed as well as the use of a composition according to the invention for the treatment of seed, to a method for protecting a seed and to the treated seed.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to active compound combinations, inparticular within an insecticide or fungicide composition, whichcomprises (A) a dithiino-tetracarboximide of formula (I) and a furtherinsecticidally active compound (B). Moreover, the invention relates to amethod for controlling animal pests such as insects and/or unwantedacarids and for curatively or preventively controlling thephytopathogenic fungi of plants or crops, to the use of a combinationaccording to the invention for the treatment of seed, to a method forprotecting a seed and not at least to the treated seed.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Dithiino-tetracarboximides as such are already known. It is also known,that these compounds can be used as anthelmintics and insecticides (cf.U.S. Pat. No. 3,364,229). Furthermore the fungicidal use of suchdithiino-tetracarboximides is known (European Patent Application No.08166621.6).

Since the environmental and economic requirements imposed on modern-daycrop protection compositions are continually increasing, with regard,for example, to the spectrum of action, toxicity, selectivity,application rate, formation of residues, and favourable preparationability, and since, furthermore, there may be problems, for example,with resistances, a constant task is to develop new compositions, inparticular fungicidal agents, which in some areas at least help tofulfil the abovementioned requirements.

The present invention provides active compound combinations/compositionswhich in some aspects at least achieve the stated objective.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It has now been found, surprisingly, that the combinations according tothe invention not only bring about the additive enhancement of thespectrum of action with respect to the pest and/or phytopathogen to becontrolled that was in principle to be expected but achieves asynergistic effect which extends the range of action of the component(A) and of the component (B) in two ways. Firstly, the rates ofapplication of the component (A) and of the component (B) may be loweredwhilst the action remains equally good. Secondly, the combination stillachieves a high degree of pest and/or phytopathogen control even wherethe two individual compounds have become totally ineffective in such alow application rate range. This allows, on the one hand, a substantialbroadening of the spectrum of pests and/or phytopathogens that can becontrolled and, on the other hand, increased safety in use.

In addition to the insecticidal, acaricidal and/or fungicidalsynergistic activity, the active compound combinations according to theinvention have further surprising properties which, in a wider sense,may also be called synergistic, such as, for example: broadening of theactivity spectrum to other pest and/orphytopathogens, for example toresistant strains of plant diseases; lower application rates of theactive compounds; sufficient control of pests with the aid of the activecompound combinations according to the invention even at applicationrates where the individual compounds show no or virtually no activity;advantageous behaviour during formulation or during use, for exampleduring grinding, sieving, emulsifying, dissolving or dispensing;improved storage stability and light stability; advantageous residueformation; improved toxicological or ecotoxicological behaviour,improved properties of the plant, for example better growth, increasedharvest yields, a better developed root system, a larger leaf area,greener leaves, stronger shoots, less seed required, lowerphytotoxicity, mobilization of the defence system of the plant, goodcompatibility with plants. Thus, the use of the active compoundcombinations or compositions according to the invention contributesconsiderably to keeping young cereal stands healthy, which increases,for example, the winter survival of the cereal seed treated, and alsosafeguards quality and yield. Moreover, the active compound combinationsaccording to the invention may contribute to enhanced systemic action.Even if the individual compounds of the combination have no sufficientsystemic properties, the active compound combinations according to theinvention may still have this property. In a similar manner, the activecompound combinations according to the invention may result in higherpersistency of the fungicidal action.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a combination comprising:

-   (A) at least one dithiino-tetracarboximide of formula (I)

-   -   in which R¹ and R² are identical and represent methyl, ethyl,        n-propyl or isopropyl, and n represents 0 or 1, or an        agrochemically acceptable salt thereof,        and

-   (B) at least one further active compound selected from the following    groups    -   (1) acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors,    -   (2) GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists,    -   (3) sodium channel modulators/voltage-dependent sodium channel        blockers,    -   (4) nicotinergic acetylcholine receptor agonists,    -   (5) allosteric acetylcholine receptor modulators (agonists),    -   (6) chloride channel activators,    -   (7) juvenile hormone mimics,    -   (8) miscellaneous non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors,    -   (9) selective homopteran feeding blockers,    -   (10) mite growth inhibitors,    -   (11) microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes,    -   (12) inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase,    -   (13) uncouplers of oxidative phoshorylation via disruption of        the proton gradient,    -   (14) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel blockers,    -   (15) inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis (type 0),    -   (16) inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis (type 1),    -   (17) moulting disruptors,    -   (18) ecdysone receptor agonists/disruptors,    -   (19) octopamine receptor agonists,    -   (20) mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors,    -   (21) mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors,    -   (22) voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers,    -   (23) inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylase,    -   (24) mitochondrial complex IV electron inhibitors,    -   (25) mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors,    -   (26) ryanodine receptor modulators,    -   (27) other insecticides.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Preference is given to combinations comprising at least one compound ofthe formula (I) selected from the group consisting of

-   (I-1)    2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone    (i.e. R¹=R²=methyl, n=0)-   (I-2)    2,6-diethyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone    (i.e. R¹=R²=ethyl, n=0)-   (I-3)    2,6-dipropyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone    (i.e. R¹=R²=n-propyl, n=0)-   (I-4)    2,6-diisopropyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone    (i.e. R¹=R²=isopropyl, n=0)-   (I-5)    2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone    4-oxide (i.e. R¹=R²=methyl, n=1)

Preference is further given to combinations comprising anacetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor selected from the group consistingof [Group (1)]:

-   Group (1A): carbamates, e.g. (1A.1) alanycarb, (1A.2) aldicarb,    (1A.3) bendiocarb, (1A.4) benfuracarb, (1A.5) butocarboxim, (1A.6)    butoxycarboxim, (1A.7) carbaryl, (1A.8) carbofuran, (1A.9)    carbosulfan, (1A.10) ethiofencarb, (1A.11) fenobucarb, (1A.12)    formetanate, (1A.13) furathiocarb, (1A.14) isoprocarb, (1A.15)    methiocarb, (1A.16) methomyl, (1A.17) metolcarb, (1A.18) oxamyl    (1A.19) pirimicarb, (1A.20) propoxur, (1A.21) thiodicarb, (1A.22)    thiofanox, (1A.23) triazamate, (1A.24) trimethacarb, (1A.25) XMC,    and (1A.26) xylylcarb; or-   Group (1B) organophosphates, e.g. (1B.1) acephate, (1B.1.1)    azamethiphos, (1B.2) azinphos, (1B.3) azinphos-methyl, (1B.4)    azinphos-ethyl, (1B.5) cadusafos, (1B.6) chlorethoxyfos, (1B.1.7)    chlorfenvinphos, (1B.8) chlorfenvinphos, (1B.9) chlormephos, (1B.10)    chlorpyrifos, (1B.11) chloropyrifos-methyl, (1B.12) coumaphos,    (1B.13) cyanophos, (1B.14) demeton-S-methyl, (1B.15) diazinon,    (1B.16) dichlorvos/DDVP, (1B.17) dicrotophos, (1B.18) dimethoate,    (1B.19) dimethylvinphos, (1B.20) disulfoton, (1B.21) EPN, (1B.22)    ethion, (1B.23) ethoprophos, (1B.24) famphur, (1B.25) fenamiphos,    (1B.26) fenitrothion, (1B.27) fenthion, (1B.28) fosthiazate, (1B.29)    heptenophos, (1B.30) isofenphos, (1B.31) isopropyl    O-(methoxy-aminothio-phosphoryl)salicylate, (1B.32) isoxathion,    (1B.33) malathion, (1B.34) mecarbam, (1B.35) methamidophos, (1B.36)    methidathion, (1B.37) mevinphos, (1B.38) monocrotophos, (1B.39)    naled, (1B.40) omethoate, (1B.41) oxydemeton-methyl, (1B.42)    parathion, (1B.43) parathion-methyl, (1B.44) phenthoate, (1B.45)    phorate, (1B.46) phosalone, (1B.47) phosmet, (1B.48) phosphamidon,    (1B.49) phoxim, (1B.50) pirimiphos, (1B.51) pirimiphos-methyl,    (1B.52) profenofos, (1B.53) propetamphos, (1B.54) prothiofos,    (1B.55) pyraclofos, (1B.56) pyridaphenthion, (1B.57) quinalphos,    (1B.58) sulfotep, (1B.59) tebupirimfos, (1B.60) temephos, (1B.61)    terbufos, (1B.62) tetrachlorvinphos, (1B.63) thiometon, (1B.64)    triazophos, (1B.65) triclorfon, and (1B.66) vamidothion.

Particular preference is given to combinations comprising anacetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor selected from the group consistingof (1A.15) methiocarb, (1A.21) thiodicarb.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a GABA-gatedchloride channel antagonist selected from the group consisting of [Group(2)]:

-   Group (2A): organochlorines, e.g. (2A.1) chlordane, (2A.2)    endosulfan, (2A.3) alpha-endosulfan; or-   Group (2B): fiproles (phenylpyrazoles), e.g. (2B.1) ethiprole,    (2B.2) fipronil, (2B.3) pyrafluprole, and (2B.4) pyriprole.

Particular preference is given to combinations comprising a GABA-gatedchloride channel antagonist selected from the group consisting of (2B.1)ethiprole, (2B.2) fipronil.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a sodium channelmodulators/voltage-dependent sodium channel blocker selected from thegroup consisting of [Group (3)]:

-   Group (3A): pyrethroids, e.g. (3A.1) acrinathrin, (3A.2) allethrin,    (3A.3) d-cis-trans-allethrin, (3A.4) d-trans-allethrin, (3A.5)    bifenthrin, (3A.6) bioallethrin, (3A.7) bioallethrin    S-cyclopentenyl, (3A.8) bioresmethrin, (3A.9) cycloprothrin, (3A.10)    cyfluthrin, (3A.11) β-cyfluthrin, (3A.12) cyhalothrin, (3A.13)    γ-cyhalothrin, (3A.14) λ-cyhalothrin, (3A.15) cypermethrin, (3A.16)    α-cypermethrin, (3A.17) β-cypermethrin, (3A.18) θ-cypermethrin,    (3A.19) ζ-cypermethrin, (3A.20) cyphenothrin [(1R)-ran-isomers],    (3A.21) deltamethrin, (3A.22) dimefluthrin, (3A.23) empenthrin    [(EZ)-(1R)-isomers)], (3A.24) esfenvalerate, (3A.25) etofenprox,    (3A.26) fenpropathrin, (3A.27) fenvalerate, (3A.28) flucythrinate,    (3A.29) flumethrin, (3A.30) fluvalinate, (3A.31) tau-fluvalinate,    (3A.32) halfenprox, (3A.33) imiprothrin, (3A.34) metofluthrin,    (3A.35) permethrin, (3A.36) phenothrin [(1R)-trans-isomer)], (3A.37)    prallethrin, (3A.38) profluthrin, (3A.39) pyrethrin (pyrethrum),    (3A.40) resmethrin, (3A.41) RU 15525, (3A.42) silafluofen, (3A.43)    tefluthrin, (3A.44) tetramethrin [(1R)-isomers)], (3A.45)    tralomethrin, (3A.46) transfluthrin and (3A.47) ZXI 8901; or-   Group (3B): (3B.1) DDT or (3B.2) methoxychlor.

Particular preference is given to combinations comprising a sodiumchannel modulators/voltage-dependent sodium channel blocker selectedfrom the group consisting of (3A.10) cyfluthrin, (3A.11) β-cyfluthrin,(3A.12) cyhalothrin, (3A.14) λ-cyhalothrin, (3A.46) transfluthrin.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a nicotinergicacetylcholine receptor agonist selected from the group consisting of[Group (4)]:

-   Group (4A): chloronicotinyls, e.g. (4A.1) acetamiprid, (4A.2)    clothianidin, (4A.3) dinotefuran, (4A.4) imidacloprid, (4A.5)    nitenpyram, (4A.6) thiacloprid, (4A.7) thiamethoxam;-   Group (4B): (4B.1) nicotine.

Particular preference is given to combinations comprising a nicotinergicacetylcholine receptor agonist selected from the group consisting of(4A.1) acetamiprid, (4A.2) clothianidin, (4A.4) imidacloprid, (4A.6)thiacloprid, (4A.7) thiamethoxam.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising an allostericacetylcholine receptor modulator (agonist) selected from the groupconsisting of [Group (5)]:

-   spinosyns, e.g. (5.1) spinetoram and (52) spinosad.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a chloridechannel activator selected from the group consisting of [Group (6)]:

-   avermectins/milbemycins, e.g. (6.1) abamectin, (6.2) emamectin    benzoate, (6.3) lepimectin, and (6.4) milbemectin.

Particular preference is given to combinations comprising a chloridechannel activator selected from the group consisting of (6.1) abamectin.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a juvenilehormone mimic selected from the group consisting of [Group (7)]:

-   (7.1) hydroprene, (7.2) kinoprene, (73) methoprene; or (7.4)    fenoxycarb; (7.5) pyriproxyfen

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a miscellaneousnon-specific (multi-site) inhibitor selected from the group consistingof [Group (8)]:

-   Group (8A): gassing agents, e.g. (8A.1) methyl bromide, (8A.2) other    alkyl halides; or-   Group (8B): (8B.1) chloropicrin; (8B.2) sulfuryl fluoride; (8B.3)    borax; (8B.4) tartar emetic.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a selectivehomopteran feeding blocker selected from the group consisting of [Group(9)]:

-   (9.1) pymetrozine, (9.2) flonicamid.

Particular preference is given to combinations comprising a selectivehomopteran feeding blocker selected from the group consisting of (9.2)flonicamid.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a mite growthinhibitor selected from the group consisting of [Group (10)]:

-   (10.1) clofentezine, (10.2) diflovidazin, (10.3) hexythiazox, (10.4)    etoxazole.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a microbialdisruptor of insect midgut membranes selected from the group consistingof [Group (11)]:

-   (11.1) Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis, (11.2)    Bacillus sphaericus, (11.3) Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies    aizawai, (11.4) Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki, (11.5)    Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies tenebrionis, and BT crop proteins:    (11.6) Cry1Ab, (11.7) Cry1Ac, (11.8) Cry1Fa, (11.9) Cry2Ab, (11.10)    mCry3A, (11.11) Cry3Ab, (11.12) Cry3Bb, (11.13) Cry34/35Ab1.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising an inhibitor ofmitochondrial ATP synthase selected from the group consisting of [Group(12)]:

-   Group (12A): (12A.1) diafenthiuron; or-   Group (12B): organotin miticides, e.g. (12B.1) azocyclotin, (12B.2)    cyhexatin, and (12B.3) fenbutatin oxide;-   or Group (12C): (12C.1) propargite; (12C.2) tetradifon.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising an uncoupler ofoxidative phoshorylation via disruption of the proton gradient selectedfrom the group consisting of [Group (13)]:

-   (13.1) chlorfenapyr, and (13.2) DNOC.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a nicotinicacetylcholine receptor channel blocker selected from the groupconsisting of [Group (14)]:

-   (14.1) bensultap, (14.2) cartap hydrochloride, (14.3) thiocyclam,    and (14.4) thiosultap-sodium.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising an inhibitor ofchitin biosynthesis (type 0) selected from the group consisting of[Group (15)]:

-   benzoylureas, e.g. (15.1) bistrifluoron, (15.2) chlorfluazuron,    (15.3) diflubenzuron, (15.4) flucycloxuron, (15.5) flufenoxuron,    (15.6) hexaflumuron, (15.7) lufenuron, (15.8) novaluron, (15.9)    noviflumuron, (15.10) penfluron, (15.11) teflubenzuron, and (15.12)    triflumuron.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising an inhibitor ofchitin biosynthesis (type 1) selected from the group consisting of[Group (16)]:

-   (16.1) buprofezin.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a moultingdisruptor selected from the group consisting of [Group (17)]:

-   (17.1) cyromazine.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising an ecdysonereceptor agonist/disruptor selected from the group consisting of [Group(18)]:

-   diacylhydrazines, e.g. (18.1) chromafenozide, (18.2) halofenozide,    (18.3) methoxyfenozide, and (18.4) tebufenozide.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising an octopaminereceptor agonist selected from the group consisting of [Group (19)]:

-   (19.1) amitraz.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a mitochondrialcomplex III electron transport inhibitor selected from the groupconsisting of [Group (20)]:

-   (20.1) Hydramethylnon, (20.2) acequinocyl, and (20.3) fluacrypyrim.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a mitochondrialcomplex I electron transport inhibitor selected from the groupconsisting of [Group (21)]:

METI acaricides, e.g. (21.1) fenazaquin, (21.2) fenpyroximate, (213)pyrimidifen, (21.4) pyridaben, (21.5) tebufenpyrad, (21.6) tolfenpyrador (21.7) rotenone.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising avoltage-dependent sodium channel blocker selected from the groupconsisting of [Group (22)]:

-   (22.1) indoxacarb; (222) metaflumizone.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising an inhibitor ofacetyl CoA carboxylase selected from the group consisting of [Group(23)]:

-   Group 23A: tetronic acid derivatives, e.g. (23A.1) spirodiclofen and    (23A.2) spiromesifen; or-   Group 23B: tetramic acid derivatives, e.g. (23B.1) spirotetramat.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a mitochondrialcomplex IV electron inhibitor selected from the group consisting of[Group (24)]:

-   Group (24A): phosphines, e.g. (24A.1) aluminium phosphide, (24A.2)    calcium phosphide, (24A.3) phosphine, and (24A.4) zinc phosphide or-   Group (24B): (23B.1) cyanide.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a mitochondrialcomplex II electron transport inhibitor selected from the groupconsisting of [Group (25)]:

-   (25.1) cyenopyrafen.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising a ryanodinereceptor modulator selected from the group consisting of [Group (26)]:

-   diamides, e.g. (26.1) chloranthraniliprole (rynaxypyr), (262)    cyantraniliprole (cyazypyr), and (263) flubendiamide.

Preference is further given to combinations comprising an insecticideselected from the group consisting of [Group (27)]:

-   (27.1) azadirachtin, (27.2) amidoflumet, (27.3) benzoximate, (27.4)    bifenazate, (27.5) chinomethionat, (27.6) cryolite, (27.7)    cyflunetofen, (27.8) dicofol, (27.9) flufenerim, (27.10) pyridalyl,    (27.11) pyrifluquinazon; (27.12)    4-{[(6-bromopyridin-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one,    (27.13)    4-{[(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one,    (27.14)    4-{[(2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one,    (27.15)    4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one,    (27.16)    4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)one,    (27.17)    4-{[(6-chloro-5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one,    (27.18)    4-{[(5,6-dichloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one,    (27.19)    4-{[(6-chloro-5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one,    (27.20)    4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one,    (27.21)    4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one,    (27.22)    [(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidenecyanamide,    (27.23)    [1-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidenecyanamide    and its diastereomeres (27.24)    {[(1R)-1-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}cyanamide    and (27.25)    {[(1S)-1-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁶-sulfanylidene}cyanamide,    (27.26)    [(6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl)methyl](methyl)oxido-λ⁴-sulfanylidenecyanamide,    or (27.27) sulfoxaflor, (27.28)    11-(4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-12-hydroxy-1,4-dioxa-9-azadispiro[4.2.4.2]tetradec-1-en-10-one,    (28.29)    3-(4′-fluoro-2,4-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-one,    and (28.30)    1-{2,4-dimethyl-5-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)sulfinyl]phenyl}-3-(trifluoro    ethyl)-H—,2,4-triazole.

Particular preference is further given to combinations comprising aninsecticide selected from the group consisting of (27.15)4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one,(27.16)4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one,(27.27) sulfoxaflor, (2728)11-(4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-12-hydroxy-1,4-dioxa-9-azadispiro[4.2.4.2]tetradec-11-en-1-one,(28.29)3-(4′-fluoro-2,4-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-one,and (28.30)1-{2,4-dimethyl-5-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)sulfinyl]phenyl}-3-(trifluoromethyl)-H-1,2,4-triazole.

In a preferred embodiment this invention is directed to mixturescomprising the compound (I-1) as compound of formula (I) and onecomponent (B), in particular the mixtures (I-1)+(1A.1), (I-1)+(1A.2),(I-1)+(1A.3), (I-1)+(1A.4), (I-1)+(1A.5), (I-1)+(1A.2), (I-1)+(1A.7),(I-1)+(1A.8), (I-1)+(1A.9), (I-1)+(1A.10), (I-1)+(1A.11), (I-1)+(1A.12),(I-1)+(1A.13), (I-1)+(1A.14), (I-1)+(1A.15), (I-1)+(1A.16),(I-1)+(1A.17), (I-1)+(1A.18), (I-1)+(1A.19), (I-1)+(1A.20),(I-1)+(1A.21), (I-1)+(1A.22), (I-1)+(1A.23), (I-1)+(1A.24),(I-1)+(1A.25), (I-1)+(1A.26), (I-1)+(1B.1), (I-1)+(1B.2), (I-1)+(1B.3),(I-1)+(1B.4), (I-1)+(1B.5), (I-1)+(1B.6), (I-1)+(1B.7), (I-1)+(1B.8),(I-1)+(1B.9), (I-1)+(1B.10), (I-1)+(1B.11), (I-1)+(1B.12),(I-1)+(1B.13), (I-1)+(1B.14), (I-1)+(1B.15), (I-1)+(1B.16),(I-1)+(1B.17), (I-1)+(1B.18), (I-1)+(1B.19), (I-1)+(1B.20),(I-1)+(1B.21), (I-1)+(1B.22), (I-1)+(1B.23), (I-1)+(1B.24),(I-1)+(1B.25), (I-1)+(1B.26), (I-1)+(1B.27), (I-1)+(1B.28),(I-1)+(1B.29), (I-1)+(1B.30), (I-1)+(1B.31), (I-1)+(1B.32),(I-1)+(1B.33), (I-1)+(1B.34), (I-1)+(1B.35), (I-1)+(1B.36),(I-1)+(1B.37), (I-1)+(1B.38), (I-1)+(1B.39), (I-1)+(1B.40),(I-1)+(1B.41), (I-1)+(1B.42), (I-1)+(1B.43), (I-1)+(3A.44),(I-1)+(1A.45), (I-1)+(3A.46) (I-1)+(1A.47), (I-1)+(1B.48),(I-1)+(1B.49), (I-1)+(1A.50), (I-1)+(1B.51), (I-1)+(1B.52),(I-1)+(1B.53), (I-1)+(1B.54), (I-1)+(1B.55), (I-1)+(1B.56),(I-1)+(3B.57), (I-1)+(1B.58), (I-1)+(3B.59), (I-1)+(1B.60),(I-1)+(1B.61), (I-1)+(1B.62), (1)+(1A.63), (I-1)+(1B.64), (I-1)+(1B.65),(I-1)+(1B.66), (I-1)+(2A.1), (I-1)+(2A.2), (I-1)+(2A.3), (I-1)+(2A.4),(I-1)+(3A.1), (I-1)+(3A.2), (I-1)+(3A.3), (I-1)+(3A.4), (I-1)+(3A.5),(I-1)+(3A.6), (I-1)+(3A.7), (I-1)+(3A.8), (I-1)+(4A.9), (I-1)+(3A.10),(I-1)+(3A.11), (I-1)+(3A.12), (I-1)+(3A.12), (I-1)+(3A.13),(I-1)+(3A.14), (I-1)+(3A.15), (I-1)+(3A.16), (I-1)+(3A.17),(I-1)+(3A.18), (I-1)+(3A.19), (I-1)+(3A.20), (I-1)+(3A.20),(I-1)+(3A.21), (I-1)+(3A.22), (I-1)+(3A.23), (I-1)+(3A.24),(I-1)+(3A.25), (I-1)+(3A.26), (I-1)+(3A.27), (I-1)+(3A.28),(I-1)+(3A.29), (I-1)+(3A.30), (I-1)+(3A.31), (I-1)+(3A.32),(I-1)+(3A.33), (I-1)+(3A.34), (I-1)+(3A.35), (I-1)+(3A.36),(I-1)+(3A.37), (I-1)+(3A.38), (I-1)+(3A.39), (I-1)+(3A.40),(I-1)+(3A.41), (I-1)+(3A.42), (I-1)+(3A.43), (I-1)+(1A.44),(I-1)+(3A.45), (I-1)+(3A.46), (I-1)+(3A.47), (I-1)+(3B.1), (I-1)+(3B.2),(I-1)+(4A.1), (I-1)+(4A.2), (I-1)+(4A.3), (I-1)+(4A.4), (I-1)+(4A.5),(I-1)+(4A.6), (I-1)+(4A.7), (I-1)+(4B.1), (I-1)+(5.1), (I-1)+(5.2),(I-1)+(6.1), (I-1)+(6.2), (I-1)+(6.3), (I-1)+(6.4), (I-1)+(7.1),(I-1)+(7.2), (I-1)+(7.3), (I-1)+(7.4), (I-1)+(7.5), (I-1)+(8A.1),(I-1)+(8B.1), (I-1)+(8B.2), (I-1)+(8B.3), (I-1)+(8B.4), (I-1)+(9.1),(I-1)+(9.2), (I-1)+(10.1), (I-1)+(10.2), (I-1)+(10.3), (I-1)+(10.4),(I-1)+(11.1), (I-1)+(11.2), (I-1)+(11.3), (I-1)+(11.4), (I-1)+(11.5),(I-1)+(11.6), (I-1)+(11.7), (I-1)+(11.8), (I-1)+(11.9), (I-1)+(11.10),(I-1)+(11.11), (I-1)+(11.12), (I-1)+(11.13), (I-1)+(12A.1),(I-1)+(12B.1), (I-1)+(12B.2), (I-1)+(12B.3), (I-1)+(12C.1),(I-1)+(12C.2), (I-1)+(13.1), (I-1)+(13.2), (I-1)+(14.1), (I-1)+(14.2),(I-1)+(14.3), (I-1)+(14.4), (I-1)+(15.1), (I-1)+(15.2), (I-1)+(15.2),(I-1)+(15.3), (I-1)+(15.4), (I-1)+(15.5), (I-1)+(15.6), (I-1)+(15.7),(I-1)+(15.8), (I-1)+(15.9), (I-1)+(15.10), (I-1)+(15.11), (I-1)+(15.12),(I-1)+(16.1), (I-1)+(17.1), (I-1)+(18.1), (I-1)+(18.2), (I-1)+(18.3),(I-1)+(18.4), (I-1)+(19.1), (I-1)+(20.1), (I-1)+(20.2), (I-1)+(20.3),(I-1)+(21.1), (I-1)+(21.2), (I-1)+(21.3), (I-1)+(21.4), (I-1)+(21.5),(I-1)+(21.6), (I-1)+(21.7), (I-1)+(22.1), (I-1)+(22.2), (I-1)+(23A.1),(I-1)+(23A.2), (I-1)+(23B.1), (I-1)+(24A.1), (I-1)+(24A.2),(I-1)+(24A.3), (I-1)+(24A.4), (I-1)+(23B.1), (I-1)+(25.1), (I-1)+(26.1),(I-1)+(26.2), (I-1)+(26.3), (I-1)+(27.1), (I-1)+(27.2), (I-1)+(27.3),(I-1)+(27.4), (I-1)+(27.5), (I-1)+(27.6), (I-1)+(27.7), (I-1)+(27.8),(I-1)+(27.9), (I-1)+(27.10), (I-1)+(27.11), (I-1)+(27.12),(I-1)+(27.13), (I-1)+(27.14), (I-1)+(27.15), (I-1)+(27.16),(I-1)+(27.17), (I-1)+(27.18), (I-1)+(27.19), (I-1)+(27.20),(I-1)+(27.21), (I-1)+(27.22), (I-1)+(27.23), (I-1)+(27.24),(I-1)+(2725), (I-1)+(27.26), (I-1)+(27.27), (I-1)+(27.28),(I-1)+(28.29), (I-1)+(28.30).

In a further preferred embodiment this invention is directed to mixturescomprising the compound (I-1) as compound of formula (I) and onecomponent (B), in particular the mixtures (I-1)+(1A.15), (I-1)+(1A.21),(I-1)+(2B.1), (I-1)+(2B.2), (I-1)+(3A.10), (I-1)+(3A.11), (I-1)+(3A.12),(I-1)+(3A.14), (I-1)+(3A.46), (I-1)+(4A.1), (I-1)+(4A.2), (I-1)+(4A.4),(I-1)+(4A.6), (I-1)+(4A.7), (I-1)+(5.1), (I-1)+(5.2), (I-1)+(6.1),(I-1)+(9.2), (I-1)+(27.15), (I-1)+(27.16), (I-1)+(27.27), (I-1)+(27.28),(I-1)+(28.29), (I-1)+(28.30).

In a preferred embodiment this invention is directed to mixturescomprising the compound (I-2) as compound of formula (I) and onecomponent (B), in particular the mixtures (I-2)+(1A.1), (I-2)+(1A.2),(I-2)+(1A.3), (I-2)+(1A.4), (I-2)+(1A.5), (I-2)+(1A.6), (I-2)+(1A.7),(I-2)+(1A.8), (I-2)+(1A.9), (I-2)+(1A.10), (I-2)+(1A.11), (I-2)+(1A.12),(I-2)+(1A.13), (I-2)+(1A.14), (I-2)+(1A.15), (I-2)+(1A.16),(I-2)+(1A.17), (I-2)+(1A.18), (I-2)+(1A.19), (I-2)+(1A.20),(I-2)+(1A.21), (I-2)+(1A.22), (I-2)+(1A.23), (12)+(1A.24),(I-2)+(1A.25), (I-2)+(1A.26), (I-2)+(1B.1), (I-2)+(1B.1), (I-2)+(1B.2),(I-2)+(1B.3), (I-2)+(1B.4), (I-2)+(1B.5), (I-2)+(1B.6), (I-2)+(1B.7),(I-2)+(1B.8), (I-2)+(1B.9), (I-2)+(1B.10), (I-2)+(1B.11), (I-2)+(1B.12),(I-2)+(1B.13), (I-2)+(1B.14), (I-2)+(1B.15), (I-2)+(1B.16),(I-2)+(1B.17), (I-2)+(1B.18), (I-2)+(1B.19), (I-2)+(1B.20),(I-2)+(1B.21), (I-2)+(1B.22), (I-2)+(1B.23), (I-2)+(1B.24),(I-2)+(1B.25), (I-2)+(1B.26), (I-2)+(1B.27), (I-2)+(1B.28),(I-2)+(1B.29), (I-2)+(1B.30), (I-2)+(1B.31), (I-2)+(1B.32),(I-2)+(1B.33), (I-2)+(1B.34), (I-2)+(1B.35), (I-2)+(1B.36),(I-2)+(1B.37), (I-2)+(1B.38), (I-2)+(1B.39), (I-2)+(1B.40),(I-2)+(1B.41), (I-2)+(1B.42), (I-2)+(1B.43), (I-2)+(1B.44),(I-2)+(1B.45), (I-2)+(1B.46), (I-2)+(1B.47), (I-2)+(1B.48),(I-2)+(1B.49), (I-2)+(1B.50), (I-2)+(1B.51), (I-2)+(1B.52),(I-2)+(1B.53), (I-2)+(1B.54), (12)+(1B.55), (I-2)+(1B.56),(I-2)+(1B.57), (I-2)+(1B.58), (I-2)+(1B.59), (I-2)+(1B.60),(I-2)+(1B.61), (I-2)+(1B.62), (I-2)+(1B.63), (I-2)+(1B.64),(I-2)+(1B.65), (I-2)+(1B.66), (I-2)+(2A.1), (I-2)+(2A.2), (I-2)+(2A.3),(I-2)+(2B.1), (I-2)+(2B.2), (I-2)+(2B.3), (I-2)+(2B.4), (I-2)+(3A.1),(I-2)+(3A.2), (I-2)+(3A.3), (I-2)+(3A.4), (I-2)+(3A.5), (I-2)+(3A.6),(I-2)+(3A.7), (I-2)+(3A.8), (I-2)+(3A.9), (I-2)+(3A.10), (I-2)+(3A.11),(I-2)+(3A.12), (I-2)+(3A.13), (I-2)+(3A.14), (I-2)+(3A.15),(I-2)+(3A.16), (I-2)+(3A.17), (I-2)+(3A.18), (I-2)+(3A.19),(I-2)+(3A.20), (I-2)+(3A.21), (I-2)+(3A.22), (I-2)+(3A.23),(I-2)+(3A.24), (I-2)+(3A.25), (I-2)+(3A.26), (I-2)+(3A.27),(I-2)+(3A.28), (I-2)+(3A.29), (I-2)+(3A.30), (I-2)+(3A.3),(I-2)+(3A.32), (I-2)+(3A.33), (I-2)+(3A.34), (I-2)+(3A.35),(I-2)+(3A.36), (I-2)+(3A.37), (I-2)+(3A.38), (I-2)+(3A.39),(I-2)+(3A.40), (I-2)+(3A.41), (I-2)+(3A.42), (I-2)+(3A.43),(I-2)+(3A.44), (I-2)+(3A.45), (I-2)+(3A.46), (I-2)+(3A.47),(I-2)+(3B.1), (I-2)+(3B.2), (I-2)+(4A.1), (I-2)+(4A.2), (I-2)+(4A.3),(I-2)+(4A.4), (I-2)+(4A.5), (I-2)+(4A.6), (I-2)+(4A.7), (I-2)+(4B.1),(I-2)+(5.1), (I-2)+(5.2), (I-2)+(6.1), (I-2)+(62), (I-2)+(6.3),(I-2)+(6.4), (I-2)+(7.1), (I-2)+(7.2), (I-2)+(7.3), (I-2)+(7.4),(I-2)+(7.5), (I-2)+(8A.1), (I-2)+(8B.1), (I-2)+(8B.2), (I-2)+(8B.3),(I-2)+(8B.4), (I-2)+(9.1), (I-2)+(9.2), (I-2)+(10.1), (I-2)+(10.2),(I-2)+(10.3), (I-2)+(10.4), (I-2)+(11.1), (I-2)+(11.2), (I-2)+(11.3),(I-2)+(11.4), (I-2)+(11.5), (I-2)+(11.6). (I-2)+(11.7), (I-2)+(11.8),(I-2)+(11.9), (I-2)+(11.10), (I-2)+(11.11), (I-2)+(11.12),(I-2)+(11.13), (I-2)+(12A.1). (I-2)+(12B.1), (I-2)+(12B.2),(I-2)+(12B.3), (I-2)+(12C.1), (I-2)+(12C.2), (I-2)+(13.1), (I-2)+(13.2),(I-2)+(14.1), (I-2)+(14.2), (I-2)+(14.3), (I-2)+(14.4), (I-2)+(15.1),(I-2)+(15.2), (I-2)+(15.3), (I-2)+(15.4), (I-2)+(15.5), (I-2)+(15.6),(I-2)+(15.7), (I-2)+(15.8), (I-2)+(15.9), (I-2)+(15.10), (I-2)+(15.11),(I-2)+(15.12), (I-2)+(16.1), (I-2)+(17.1), (I-2)+(18.1), (I-2)+(18.2),(I-2)+(18.3), (I-2)+(18.4), (I-2)+(19.1), (I-2)+(20.1), (I-2)+(20.2),(I-2)+(20.3), (I-2)+(21.1), (I-2)+(21.2), (I-2)+(21.3), (I-2)+(21.4),(I-2)+(21.5), (I-2)+(21.6), (I-2)+(21.7), (I-2)+(22.1), (I-2)+(22.2),(I-2)+(23A.1), (I-2)+(23A.2), (I-2)+(23B.1), (I-2)+(24A.1),(I-2)+(24A.2), (I-2)+(24A.3), (I-2)+(24A.4). (I-2)+(23B.1),(I-2)+(25.1), (I-2)+(26.1), (I-2)+(26.2), (I-2)+(26.3), (I-2)+(27.1),(I-2)+(27.2), (I-2)+(27.3), (I-2)+(27.4), (I-2)+(27.5), (I-2)+(27.6),(I-2)+(27.7), (I-2)+(27.8), (I-2)+(27.9), (I-2)+(27.10), (I-2)+(27.11),(I-2)+(27.12), (I-2)+(27.13), (I-2)+(27.14), (I-2)+(27.15),(I-2)+(27.16), (I-2)+(27.17), (I-2)+(27.18), (I-2)+(27.19),(I-2)+(27.20), (I-2)-4-(27.21), (I-2)+(27.22), (I-2)+(27.23),(I-2)+(27.24), (I-2)+(27.25), (I-2)+(27.26), (I-2)+(27.27),(I-2)+(27.28), (I-2)+(28.29), (I-2)+(28.30).

In a further preferred embodiment this invention is directed to mixturescomprising the compound (I-2) as compound of formula (I) and onecomponent (B), in particular the mixtures (I-2)+(1A.15), (I-2)+(1A.21),(I-2)+(2B.1), (I-2)+(2B.2), (I-2)+(3A.10), (I-2)+(3A.11), (I-2)+(3A.12),(I-2)+(3A.14), (I-2)+(3A.46), (I-2)+(4A.1), (I-2)+(4A.2), (I-2)+(4A.4),(I-2)+(4A.6), (I-2)+(4A.7), (I-2)+(5.1), (I-2)+(5.2), (I-2)+(6.1),(I-2)+(9.2), (I-2)+(27.15), (I-2)+(27.16), (I-2)+(27.27), (I-2)+(27.28),(I-2)+(28.29), (I-2)+(28.30).

In a preferred embodiment this invention is directed to mixturescomprising the compound (I-3) as compound of formula (I) and onecomponent (B) in particular the mixtures (I-3)+(1A.1), (I-3)+(1A.2),(I-3)+(1A.3), (I-3)+(1A.4), (I-3)+(1A.5), (I-3)+(1A.6), (I-3)+(1A.7),(I-3)+(1A.8), (I-3)+(1A.9), (I-3)+(1A.10), (I-3)+(1A.11), (I-3)+(1A.12),(I-3)+(1A.13), (I-3)+(1A.14), (I-3)+(1A.15), (I-3)+(1A.16),(I-3)+(1A.17), (I-3)+(1A.18), (I-3)+(1A.19), (I-3)+(1A.20),(I-3)+(1A.21), (I-3)+(1A.22), (I-3)+(1A.23), (I-3)+(1A.24),(I-3)+(1A.25), (I-3)+(1A.26), (I-3)+(1B.1), (I-3)+(1B.1), (I-3)+(1B.2),(I-3)+(1B.3), (I-3)+(1B.4), (I-3)+(1B.5), (I-3)+(1B.6), (I-3)+(1B.7),(I-3)+(1B.8), (I-3)+(1B.9), (I-3)+(1B.10), (I-3)+(1B.11), (I-3)+(1B.12),(I-3)+(1B.13), (I-3)+(1B.14), (I-3)+(1B.15), (I-3)+(1B.16),(I-3)+(1B.17), (I-3)+(1B.18), (I-3)+(1B.19), (I-3)+(1B.20),(I-3)+(1B.21), (I-3)+(1B.22), (I-3)+(1B.23), (I-3)+(1B.24),(I-3)+(1B.25), (I-3)+(1B.26), (I-3)+(1B.27), (I-3)+(1B.28),(I-3)+(1B.29), (I-3)+(1B.30), (I-3)+(1B.31), (I-3)+(1B.32),(I-3)+(1B.33), (I-3)+(1B.34), (I-3)+(1B.35), (I-3)+(1B.36),(I-3)+(1B.37), (I-3)+(1B.38), (I-3)+(1B.39), (I-3)+(1B.40),(I-3)+(1B.41), (I-3)+(1B.42), (I-3)+(1B.43), (I-3)+(1B.44),(I-3)+(1B.45), (I-3)+(1B.46), (I-3)+(1B.47), (I-3)+(1B.48),(I-3)+(1B.49), (I-3)+(1B.50), (I-3)+(1B.51), (I-3)+(1B.52),(I-3)+(1B.53), (I-3)+(1B.54), (I-3)+(1B.55), (I-3)+(1B.56),(I-3)+(1B.57), (I-3)+(1B.58), (I-3)+(1B.59), (I-3)+(1B.60),(I-3)+(1B.61), (I-3)+(1B.62), (I-3)+(1B.63), (I-3)+(1B.64),(I-3)+(1B.65), (I-3)+(1B.66), (I-3)+(2A.1), (I-3)+(2A.2), (I-3)+(2A.3),(I-3)+(2B.1), (I-1)+(2B 2), (I-3)+(2B.3), (I-3)+(2B.4), (I-3)+(3A.1),(I-3)+(3A.2), (I-3)+(3A.3), (I-3)+(3A.4), (I-3)+(3A.5), (I-3)+(3A.6),(I-3)+(3A.7), (I-3)+(3A.8), (I-3)+(3A.9), (I-3)+(3A.10), (I-3)+(3A.11),(I-3)+(3A.12), (I-3)+(3A.13), (I-3)+(3A.14), (I-3)+(3A.15),(I-3)+(3A.16), (I-3)+(3A.17), (I-3)+(3A.18), (I-3)+(3A.19),(I-3)+(3A.20), (I-3)+(3A.21), (I-3)+(3A.22), (I-3)+(3A.23),(I-3)+(3A.24), (I-3)+(3A.25), (I-3)+(3A.26), (I-3)+(3A.27),(I-3)+(3A.28), (I-3)+(3A.29), (I-3)+(3A.30), (I-3)+(3A.31),(I-3)+(3A.32), (I-3)+(3A.33), (I-3)+(3A.34), (I-3)+(3A.35),(I-3)+(3A.36), (I-3)+(3A.37), (I-3)+(3A.38), (I-3)+(3A.39),(I-3)+(3A.40), (I-3)+(3A.41), (I-3)+(3A.42), (I-3)+(3A.43),(I-3)+(3A.44), (I-3)+(3A.45), (I-3)+(3A.46), (I-3)+(3A.47),(I-3)+(3B.1), (I-3)+(3B.2), (I-3)+(4A.1), (I-3)+(4A.2), (I-3)+(4A.3),(I-3)+(4A.4), (I-3)+(4A.5), (I-3)+(4A.6), (I-3)+(4A.7), (I-3)+(4B.1),(I-3)+(5.1), (I-3)+(5.2), (I-3)+(6.1), (I-3)+(6.2), (I-3)+(63),(I-3)+(6.4), (I-3)+(7.1), (I-3)+(7.2), (I-3)+(73), (I-3)+(7.4),(I-3)+(7.5), (I-3)+(8A.1), (I-3)+(8B.1), (I-3)+(8B.2), (I-3)+(8B.3),(I-3)+(8B.4), (I-3)+(9.1), (I-3)+(9.2), (I-3)+(10.1), (I-3)+(102),(I-3)+(10.3), (I-3)+(10.4), (I-3)+(11.1), (I-3)+(11.2), (I-3)+(11.3),(I-3)+(11.4), (I-3)+(11.5), (I-3)+(11.6), (I-3)+(11.7), (I-3)+(11.8),(I-3)+(11.9), (I-3)+(11.10), (I-3)+(11.11), (I-3)+(11.12),(I-3)+(11.13), (I-3)+(12A.1), (I-3)+(12B.1), (I-3)+(12B.2),(I-3)+(12B.3), (I-3)+(12C.1), (I-3)+(12C.2), (I-3)+(13.1), (I-3)+(132),(I-3)+(14.1), (I-3)+(14.2), (I-3)+(14.3), (I-3)+(14.4), (I-3)+(15.1),(I-3)+(152), (I-3)+(15.3), (I-3)+(15.4), (I-3)+(15.5), (I-3)+(15.6),(I-3)+(15.7), (I-3)+(15.8), (I-3)+(15.9), (I-3)+(15.10), (I-3)+(15.11),(I-3)+(15.12), (I-3)+(16.1), (I-3)+(17.1), (I-3)+(18.1), (I-3)+(18.2),(I-3)+(183), (I-3)+(18.4), (I-3)+(19.1), (I-3)+(20.1), (I-3)+(20.2),(I-3)+(20.3), (I-3)+(21.1), (I-3)+(21.2), (I-3)+(21.3), (I-3)+(21.4),(I-3)+(21.5), (I-3)+(21.6), (I-3)+(21.7), (I-3)+(22.1), (I-3)+(22.2),(I-3)+(23A.1), (I-3)+(23A.2), (I-3)+(23B.1), (I-3)+(24A.1),(I-3)+(24A.2), (I-3)+(24A.3), (I-3)+(24A.4), (I-3)+(23B.1),(I-3)+(25.1), (I-3)+(26.1), (I-3)+(262), (I-3)+(26.3), (I-3)+(27.1),(I-3)+(27.2), (I-3)+(27.3), (I-3)+(27.4), (I-3)+(27.5), (I-3)+(27.6),(I-3)+(27.7), (I-3)+(27.8), (I-3)+(27.9), (I-3)+(27.10), (I-3)+(27.111(I-3)+(27.121 (I-3)+(27.131 (I-3)+(27.14), (I-3)+(27.15), (I-3)+(27.16),(I-3)+(27.17), (I-3)+(27.18), (I-3)+(27.19), (I-3)+(27.20),(I-3)+(2721), (I-3)+(27.22), (I-3)+(27.23), (I-3)+(27.24),(I-3)+(27.25), (I-3)+(27.26), (I-3)+(27.27), (I-3)+(27.28),(I-3)+(28.29), (I-3)+(28.30).

In a further preferred embodiment this invention is directed to mixturescomprising the compound (I-3) as compound of formula (I) and onecomponent (B), in particular the mixtures (I-3)+(1A.15), (I-3)+(1A.21),(I-3)+(2B.1), (I-3)+(2B.2), (I-3)+(3A.10), (I-3)+(3A.11), (I-3)+(3A.12),(I-3)+(3A.14), (I-3)+(3A.46), (I-3)+(4A.1), (I-3)+(4A.2), (I-3)+(4A.4),(I-3)+(4A.6), (I-3)+(4A.7), (I-3)+(5.1), (I-3)+(5.2), (I-3)+(6.1),(I-3)+(9.2), (I-3)+(27.15), (I-3)+(27.16), (I-3)+(27.27), (I-3)+(27.28),(I-3)+(28.29), (I-3)+(28.30).

In a preferred embodiment this invention is directed to mixturescomprising the compound (I-4) as compound of formula (I) and onecomponent (B), in particular the mixtures (I-4)+(1A.1), (I-4)+(1A.2),(I-4)+(1A.3), (I-4)+(1A.4), (I-4)+(1A.5), (I-4)+(1A.6), (I-4)+(1A.7),(I-4)+(1A.8), (I-4)+(1A.9), (I-4)+(1A.10), (I-4)+(1A.11), (I-4)+(1A.12),(I-4)+(1A.13), (I-4)+(1A.14), (I-4)+(1A.15), (I-4)+(1A.16),(I-4)+(1A.17), (I-4)+(1A.18), (I-4)+(1A.19), (I-4)+(1A.20),(I-4)+(1A.21), (I-4)+(1A.22), (I-4)+(1A.23), (I-4)+(1A.24),(I-4)+(1A.25), (I-4)+(1A.26), (I-4)+(1B.1), (I-4)+(1B.1), (I-4)+(1B.2),(I-4)+(1B.3), (I-4)+(1B.4), (I-4)+(1B.5), (I-4)+(1B.6), (I-4)+(1B.7),(I-4)+(1B.8), (I-4)+(1B.9), (I-4)+(1B.10), (I-4)+(1B.11), (I-4)+(1B.12),(I-4)+(1B.13), (I-4)+(1B.14), (I-4)+(1B.15), (I-4)+(1B.16),(I-4)+(1B.17), (I-4)+(1B.18), (I-4)+(1B.19), (I-4)+(1B.20),(I-4)+(1B.21), (I-4)+(1B.22), (I-4)+(1B.23), (I-4)+(1B.24),(I-4)+(1B.25), (I-4)+(1B.26), (I-4)+(1B.27), (I-4)+(1B.28),(I-4)+(1B.29), (I-4)+(1B.30), (I-4)+(1B.31), (I-4)+(1B.32),(I-4)+(1B.33), (I-4)+(1B.34), (I-4)+(1B.35), (I-4)+(1B.36),(I-4)+(1B.37), (I-4)+(1B.38), (I-4)+(1B.39), (I-4)+(1B.40),(I-4)+(1B.41), (I-4)+(1B.42), (I-4)+(1B.43), (I-4)+(1B.44),(I-4)+(1B.45), (I-4)+(1B.46), (I-4)+(1B.47), (I-4)+(1B.48),(I-4)+(1B.49), (I-4)+(1B.50), (I-4)+(1B.51), (I-4)+(1B.52),(I-4)+(1B.53), (I-4)+(1B.54), (I-4)+(1B.55), (I-4)+(1B.56),(I-4)+(1B.57), (I-4)+(1B.58), (I-4)+(1B.59), (I-4)+(1B.60),(I-4)+(1B.61), (I-4)+(1B.62), (I-4)+(1B.63), (I-4)+(1B.64),(I-4)+(1B.65), (I-4)+(1B.66), (I-4)+(2A.1), (I-4)+(2A.2), (I-4)+(2A.3),(I-4)+(2B.1), (I-4)+(2B.2), (I-4)+(2B.3), (I-4)+(2B.4), (I-4)+(3A.1),(I-4)+(3A.2), (I-4)+(3A.3), (I-4)+(3A.4), (I-4)+(3A.5), (I-4)+(3A.6),(I-4)+(3A.7), (I-4)+(3A.8), (I-4)+(3A.9), (I-4)+(3A.10), (I-4)+(3A.11),(I-4)+(3A.12), (I-4)+(3A.13), (I-4)+(3A.14), (I-4)+(3A.15),(I-4)+(3A.16), (I-4)+(3A.17), (I-4)+(3A.18), (I-4)+(3A.19),(I-4)+(3A.20), (I-4)+(3A.21), (I-4)+(3A.22), (I-4)+(3A.23),(I-4)+(3A.24), (I-4)+(3A.25), (I-4)+(3A.26), (I-4)+(3A.27),(I-4)+(3A.28), (I-4)+(3A.29), (I-4)+(3A.30), (I-4)+(3A.31),(I-4)+(3A.32), (I-4)+(3A.33), (I-4)+(3A.34), (I-4)+(3A.35),(I-4)+(3A.36), (I-4)+(3A.37), (I-4)+(3A.38), (I-4)+(3A.39),(I-4)+(3A.40), (I-4)+(3A.41), (I-4)+(3A.42), (I-4)+(3A.43),(I-4)+(3A.44), (I-4)+(3A.45), (I-4)+(3A.46), (I-4)+(3A.47),(I-4)+(3B.1), (I-4)+(3B.2), (I-4)+(4A.1), (I-4)+(4A.2), (I-4)+(4A.3),(I-4)+(4A.4), (I-4)+(4A.5), (I-4)+(4A.6), (I-4)+(4A.7), (I-4)+(4B.1),(I-4)+(5.1), (I-4)+(52), (I-4)+(6.1), (I-4)+(62, (I-4)+(63),(I-4)+(6.4), (I-4)+(7.1), (I-4)+(7.2), (I-4)+(73), (I-4)+(7.4),(I-4)+(7.5), (I-4)+(8A.1), (I-4)+(8B.1), (I-4)+(8B.2), (I-4)+(8B.3),(I-4)+(8B.4), (I-4)+(9.1), (I-4)+(92), (I-4)+(10.1), (I-4)+(10.2),(I-4)+(10.3), (I-4)+(10.4), (I-4)+(11.1), (I-4)+(11.2), (I-4)+(11.3),(I-4)+(11.4), (I-4)+(11.5), (I-4)+(11.6), (I-4)+(11.7), (I-4)+(11.8),(I-4)+(11.9), (I-4)+(11.10), (I-4)+(11.11), (I-4)+(11.12),(I-4)+(11.13), (I-4)+(12A.1), (I-4)+(12B.1), (I-4)+(12B.2),(I-4)+(12B.3), (I-4)+(12C.1), (I-4)+(12C.2), (I-4)+(13.1), (I-4)+(13.2),(I-4)+(14.1), (I-4)+(14.2), (I-4)+(14.3), (I-4)+(14.4), (I-4)+(15.1),(I-4)+(15.2), (I-4)+(15.3), (I-4)+(15.4), (I-4)+(15.5), (I-4)+(15.6),(I-4)+(15.7), (I-4)+(15.8), (I-4)+(15.9), (I-4)+(15.10), (I-4)+(15.11),(I-4)+(15.12), (I-4)+(16.1), (I-4)+(17.1), (I-4)+(18.1), (I-4)+(18.2),(I-4)+(183), (I-4)+(18.4), (I-4)+(19.1), (I-4)+(20.1), (I-4)+(20.2),(I-4)+(20.3), (I-4)+(21.1), (I-4)+(21.2), (I-4)+(21.3), (I-4)+(21.4),(I-4)+(21.5), (I-4)+(21.6), (I-4)+(21.7), (I-4)+(22.1), (I-4)+(22.2),(I-4)+(23A.1), (I-4)+(23A.2), (I-4)+(23B.1), (I-4)+(24A.1),(I-4)+(24A.2), (I-4)+(24A.3), (I-4)+(24A.4), (I-4)+(23B.1),(I-4)+(25.1), (I-4)+(26.1), (I-4)+(26.2), (I-4)+(26.3), (I-4)+(27.1),(I-4)+(27.2), (I-4)+(27.3), (I-4)+(27.4), (I-4)+(27.5), (I-4)+(27.6),(I-4)+(27.7), (I-4)+(27.8), (I-4)+(27.9), (I-4)+(27.10), (I-4)+(27.11),(I-4)+(27.12), (I-4)+(27.13), (I-4)+(27.14), (I-4)+(27.15),(I-4)+(27.16), (I-4)+(27.17), (I-4)+(27.18), (I-4)+(27.19),(I-4)+(27.20), (I-4)+(27.21), (I-4)+(27.22), (I-4)+(27.23),(I-4)+(27.24), (I-4)+(27.25), (I-4)+(2726), (I-4)+(27.27),(I-4)+(27.28), (I-4)+(28.29), (I-4)+(2830).

In a further preferred embodiment this invention is directed to mixturescomprising the compound (I-4) as compound of formula (I) and onecomponent (B), in particular the mixtures (I-4)+(1A.15), (I-4)+(1A.21),(I-4)+(2B.1), (I-4)+(2B.2), (I-4)+(3A.10), (I-4)+(3A.11), (I-4)+(3A.12),(I-4)+(3A.14), (I-4)+(3A.46), (I-4)+(4A.1), (I-4)+(4A.2), (I-4)+(4A.4),(I-4)+(4A.6), (I-4)+(4A.7), (I-4)+(5.1), (I-4)+(5.2), (I-4)+(6.1),(I-4)+(9.2), (I-4)+(27.15), (I-4)+(27.16), (I-4)+(27.27), (I-4)+(2728),(I-4)+(28.29), (I-4)+(28.30).

In a preferred embodiment this invention is directed to mixturescomprising the compound (I-5) as compound of formula (I) and onecomponent (B), in particular the mixtures (I-5)+(1A.1), (I-5)+(1A.2),(I-5)+(1A.3), (I-5)+(1A.4), (I-5)+(1A.5), (I-5)+(1A.6), (I-5)+(1A.7),(I-5)+(1A.8), (I-5)+(1A.9), (I-5)+(1A.10), (I-5)+(1A.11), (I-5)+(1A.12),(I-5)+(1A.13), (I-5)+(1A.14), (I-5)+(1A.15), (I-5)+(1A.16),(I-5)+(1A.17), (I-5)+(1A.18), (I-5)+(1A.19), (I-5)+(1A.20),(I-5)+(1A.21), (I-5)=(1A.22), (I-5)+(1A.23), (I-5)+(1A.24),(I-5)+(1A.25), (I-5)+(1A.26), (I-5)+(1B.1), (I-5)+(1B.1), (I-5)+(1B.2),(I-5)+(1B.3). (I-5)+(1B.4), (I-5)+(1B.5), (I-5)+(1B.6), (I-5)+(1B.7).(I-5)+(1B.8). (I-5)+(1B.9), (I-5)+(1B.10), (I-5)+(1B.11), (I-5)+(1B.12),(I-5)+(1B.13), (I-5)+(1B.14), (I-5)+(1B.15), (I-5)+(1B.16),(I-5)+(1B.17), (I-5)+(1B.18), (I-5)+(1B.19), (I-5)+(1B.20),(I-5)+(1B.21), (I-5)+(1B.22), (I-5)+(1B.23), (I-5)+(1B.24),(I-5)+(1B.25), (I-5)+(1B.26), (I-5)+(1B.27), (I-5)+(1B.28),(I-5)+(1B.29). (I-5)+(1B.30), (I-5)+(1B.31), (I-5)+(1B.32),(I-5)+(1B.33), (I-5)+(1B.34), (I-5)+(1B.35), (I-5)+(1B.36),(I-5)+(1B.37), (I-5)+(1B.38), (I-5)+(1B.39), (I-5)+(1B.40),(I-5)+(1B.41), (I-5)+(1B.42), (I-5)+(1B.43). (I-5)+(1B.44),(I-5)+(1B.45), (I-5)+(1B.46), (I-5)+(1B.47), (I-5)+(1B.48),(I-5)+(1B.49), (I-5)+(1B.50), (I-5)+(1B.51), (I-5)+(1B.52),(I-5)+(1B.53), (I-5)+(1B.54), (I-5)+(1B.55), (I-5)+(1B.56),(I-5)+(1B.57), (I-5)+(1B.58), (I-5)+(1B.59), (I-5)+(1B.60),(I-5)+(1B.61), (I-5)+(1B.62), (I-5)+(1B.63), (I-5)+(1B.64),(I-5)+(1B.65), (I-5)+(1B.66), (I-5)+(2A.1), (I-5)+(2A.2), (I-5)+(2A.3),(I-5)+(2B.1), (I-5)+(2B.2), (I-5)+(2B.3), (I-5)+(2B.4), (I-5)+(3A.1),(I-5)+(3A.2), (I-5)+(3A.3), (I-5)+(3A.4), (I-5)+(3A.5), (I-5)+(3A.6),(I-5)+(3A.7), (I-5)+(3A.8), (I-5)+(3A.9), (I-5)+(3A.10), (I-5)+(3A.11),(I-5)+(3A.12), (I-5)+(3A.13), (I-5)+(3A.14), (I-5)+(3A.15),(I-5)+(3A.16), (I-5)+(3A.17), (I-5)+(3A.18), (I-5)+(3A.19),(I-5)+(3A.20), (I-5)+(3A.21), (I-5)+(3A.22), (I-5)+(3A.23),(I-5)+(3A.24), (I-5)+(3A.25), (I-5)+(3A.26), (I-5)+(3A.27),(I-5)+(3A.28), (I-5)+(3A.29), (I-5)+(3A.30), (I-5)+(3A.31),(I-5)+(3A.32), (I-5)+(3A.33), (I-5)+(3A.34), (I-5)+(3A.35),(I-5)+(3A.36), (I-5)+(3A.37), (I-5)+(3A.38), (I-5)+(3A.39),(I-5)+(3A.40), (I-5)+(3A.41), (I-5)+(3A.42), (I-5)+(3A.43),(I-5)+(3A.44), (I-5)+(3A.45), (I-5)+(3A.46), (I-5)+(3A.47),(I-5)+(3B.1), (I-5)+(3B.2), (I-5)+(4A.1), (I-5)+(4A.2), (I-5)+(4A.3),(I-5)+(4A.4), (I-5)+(4A.5), (I-5)+(4A.6), (I-5)+(4A.7), (I-5)+(4B.1),(I-5)+(5.1), (I-5)+(5.2), (I-5)+(6.1), (I-5)+(6.2), (I-5)+(6.3),(I-5)+(6.4), (I-5)+(7.1), (I-5)+(7.2), (I-5)+(7.3), (I-5)+(7.4),(I-5)+(7.5), (I-5)+(8A.1), (I-5)+(8B.1), (I-5)+(8B.2), (I-5)+(8B.3),(I-5)+(8B.4), (I-5)+(9.1), (I-5)+(9.2), (I-5)+(10.1), (I-5)+(10.2),(I-5)+(10.3), (I-5)+(10.4), (I-5)+(11.1), (I-5)+(11.2), (I-5)+(11.3),(I-5)+(11.4), (I-5)+(11.5), (I-5)+(11.6), (I-5)+(11.7), (I-5)+(11.8),(I-5)+(11.9), (I-5)+(11.10), (I-5)+(11.11), (I-5)+(11.12),(I-5)+(11.13), (I-5)+(12A.1), (I-5)+(12B.1), (I-5)+(12B.2),(I-5)+(12B.3), (I-5)+(12C.1), (I-5)+(12C.2), (I-5)+(13.1), (I-5)+(13.2),(I-5)+(14.1), (I-5)+(14.2), (I-5)+(14.3), (I-5)+(14.4), (I-5)+(15.1),(I-5)+(15.2), (I-5)+(153), (I-5)+(15.4), (I-5)+(15.5), (I-5)+(15.6),(I-5)+(15.7), (I-5)+(15.8), (I-5)+(15.9), (I-5)+(15.10), (I-5)+(15.11),(I-5)+(15.12), (I-5)+(16.1), (I-5)+(17.1), (I-5)+(18.1), (I-5)+(18.2),(I-5)+(18.3), (I-5)+(18.4), (I-5)+(19.1), (I-5)+(20.1), (I-5)+(20.2),(I-5)+(20.3), (I-5)+(21.1), (I-5)+(21.2), (I-5)+(213), (I-5)+(21.4),(I-5)+(21.5), (I-5)+(21.6), (I-5)+(21.7), (I-5)+(22.1), (I-5)+(22.2),(I-5)+(23A.1), (I-5)+(23A.2), (I-5)+(23B.1), (I-5)+(24A.1),(I-5)+(24A.2), (I-5)+(24A.3), (I-5)+(24A.4), (I-5)+(23B.1),(I-5)+(25.1), (I-5)+(26.1), (I-5)+(26.2), (I-5)+(26.3), (I-5)+(27.1),(I-5)+(27.2), (I-5)+(27.3), (I-5)+(27.4), (I-5)+(27.5), (I-5)+(27.6),(I-5)+(27.7), (I-5)+(27.8), (I-5)+(27.9), (I-5)+(27.10), (I-5)+(27.11),(I-5)+(27.12), (I-5)+(27.13), (I-5)+(27.14), (I-5)+(27.15),(I-5)+(27.16), (I-5)+(27.17), (I-5)+(27.18), (I-5)+(27.19),(I-5)+(27.20), (I-5)+(27.21), (I-5)+(27.22), (I-5)+(27231 (I-5)+(2724),(I-5)+(2725), (I-5)+(27.26), (I-5)+(2727), (I-5)+(2728), (I-5)+(28.29),(I-5)+(28.30).

In a further preferred embodiment this invention is directed to mixturescomprising the compound (I-5) as compound of formula (I) and onecomponent (B), in particular the mixtures (I-5)+(1A.15), (I-5)+(1A.21),(I-5)+(2B.1), (I-5)+(2B.2), (I-5)+(3A.10), (I-5)+(3A.11), (I-5)+(3A.12),(I-5)+(3A.14), (I-5)+(3A.46), (I-5)+(4A.1), (I-5)+(4A.2), (I-5)+(4A.4),(I-5)+(4A.6), (I-5)+(4A.7), (I-5)+(5.1), (I-5)+(5.2), (I-5)+(6.1),(I-5)+(9.2), (I-5)+(27.15), (I-5)+(27.16), (I-5)+(27.27), (I-5)+(27.28),(I-5)-(28.29), (I-5)+(28.30).

The active ingredients specified in this description by their “commonname” are known, for example, from “The Pesticide Manual”, 14^(th)Edition, British Crop Protection Council 2006, and from the Web pagehttp://www.alanwood.net/pesticides. In addition, compounds (27.12),(27.13, (27.14), (27.15), (27.16) are known from WO 2007/115644,compound (27.17) is known from WO 2007/115643, compound (27.18) is knownfrom WO 2007/115646, compound (27.19) is known from WO 2007/115643,compounds (2720) and (27.21) are known from EP-A 0 539 588, compounds(27.22, (27.23), (2724), (2725) and (2727) are known from WO2007/149134, compound (27.26) is known from WO 2007/095229, compound(27.28) is known from WO 2006/089633, compound (28.29) is known from WO2008/067911, and compound (28.30) is known from WO 1999/55668.

If, in the context of this description, the short form of the “commonname” of an active compound is used, this comprises in each case allcustomary derivatives, such as the esters and salts, and isomers, inparticular optical isomers, especially the commercially available formor forms. If the “common name” refers to an ester or a salt, this ineach case also comprises all other customary derivatives, such as otheresters and salts, the free acids and neutral compounds, and isomers, inparticular optical isomers, especially the commercially available formor forms. The given chemical compound names refer to at least one of thecompounds embraced by the “common name”, frequently to a preferredcompound.

If the active compounds in the active compound combinations according tothe invention are present in certain weight ratios, the synergisticeffect is particularly pronounced. However, the weight ratios of theactive compounds in the active compound combinations can be variedwithin a relatively wide range.

In the combinations according to the invention the compounds (A) and (B)are present in a synergistically effective weight ratio of A:B in arange of 250:1 to 1:250 or 125:1 to 1:125, preferably in a weight ratioof 50:1 to 1:50 or 25:1 to 125, most preferably in a weight ratio of20:1 to 1:20 or 5:1 to 1:5. Further ratios of A:B which can be usedaccording to the present invention with increasing preference in theorder given are: 95:1 to 1:95, 90:1 to 190, 85:1 to 1:85, 80:1 to 1:80,75:1 to 1:75, 70:1 to 1:70, 65:1 to 1:65, 60:1 to 1:60, 55:1 to 1:55,45:1 to 1:45, 40:1 to 1:40, 35:1 to 1:35, 30:1 to 1:30, 25:1 to 1:25,15:1 to 1:15, 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, 4:1 to 1:4, 3:1 to 1:3, 2:1 to1.2.

Where a compound (A) or a compound (B) can be present in tautomericform, such a compound is understood hereinabove and hereinbelow also toinclude, where applicable, corresponding tautomeric forms, even whenthese are not specifically mentioned in each case.

Compounds (A) or compounds (B) having at least one basic centre arecapable of forming, for example, acid addition salts, e.g. with stronginorganic acids, such as mineral acids, e.g. perchloric acid, sulfuricacid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, a phosphoric acid or a hydrohalic acid,with strong organic carboxylic acids, such as unsubstituted substituted,e.g. halo-substituted, C₁-C₄ alkanecarboxylic acids, e.g. acetic acid,saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, e.g. oxalic, malonic,succinic, maleic, fumaric and phthalic acid, hydroxycarboxylic acids,e.g. ascorbic, lactic, malic, tartaric and citric acid, or benzoic acid,or with organic sulfonic acids, such as unsubstituted or substituted,e.g. halo-substituted, C₁-C₄alkane- or aryl-sulfonic acids, e.g.methane- or p-toluene-sulfonic acid. Compounds (A) or compounds (B)having at least one acid group are capable of forming, for example,salts with bases, e.g. metal salts, such as alkali metal or alkalineearth metal salts, e.g. sodium, potassium or magnesium salts, or saltswith ammonia or an organic amine, such as morpholine, piperidine,pyrrolidine, a mono-, di- or tri-lower alkylamine, e.g. ethyl-,diethyl-, triethyl- or dimethyl-propyl-amine, or a mono-, di- ortri-hydroxy-lower alkylamine, e.g. mono-, di- or tri-ethanolamine. Inaddition, corresponding internal salts may optionally be formed. In thecontext of the invention, preference is given to agrochemicallyadvantageous salts. In view of the close relationship between thecompounds (A) or the compounds (B) in free form and in the form of theirsalts, hereinabove and herein below any reference to the free compounds(A) or free compounds (B) or to their salts should be understood asincluding also the corresponding salts or the free compounds (A) or freecompounds (B), respectively, where appropriate and expedient. Theequivalent also applies to tautomers of compounds (A) or compounds (B)and to their salts.

According to the invention the expression “combination” stands for thevarious combinations of compounds (A) and (B), for example in a single“ready-mix” form, in a combined spray mixture composed from separateformulations of the single active compounds, such as a “tank-mix”, andin a combined use of the single active ingredients when applied in asequential manner, i.e. one after the other with a reasonably shortperiod, such as a few hours or days. Preferably the order of applyingthe compounds (A) and (B) is not essential for working the presentinvention.

The present invention furthermore relates to compositions forcombating/controlling undesirable micro-organisms comprising the activecompound combinations according to the invention. Preferably, thecompositions are fungicidal compositions comprising agriculturallysuitable auxiliaries, solvents, carriers, surfactants or extenders.

Furthermore the invention relates to a method of combating undesirablemicro-organisms, characterized in that the active compound combinationsaccording to the invention are applied to the phytopathogenic fungiand/or their habitat.

The present invention furthermore relates to compositions forcombating/controlling animal pests, preferably arthropods and nematodes,in particular insects and arachnids, encountered in viticulture, in thecultivation of fruit, in agriculture, in animal health, in forests, inthe protection of stored products and in the protection of materials andalso in the hygiene sector, said composition comprising the activecompound combinations according to the invention. Preferably, thecompositions are insecticidal and/or acaricidal compositions comprisingagriculturally suitable auxiliaries, solvents, carriers, surfactants orextenders.

Furthermore the invention relates to a method of combating animal pests,characterized in that the active compound combinations according to theinvention are applied to the animal pests and/or their habitat.

According to the invention, carrier is to be understood as meaning anatural or synthetic, organic or inorganic substance which is mixed orcombined with the active compounds for better applicability, inparticular for application to plants or plant parts or seeds. Thecarrier, which may be solid or liquid, is generally inert and should besuitable for use in agriculture.

Suitable solid or liquid carriers are: for example ammonium salts andnatural ground minerals, such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz,attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, and ground syntheticminerals, such as finely divided silica, alumina and natural orsynthetic silicates, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers, water, alcohols,especially butanol, organic solvents, mineral oils and vegetable oils,and also derivatives thereof. It is also possible to use mixtures ofsuch carriers. Solid carriers suitable for granules are: for examplecrushed and fractionated natural minerals, such as calcite, marble,pumice, sepiolite, dolomite, and also synthetic granules of inorganicand organic meals and also granules of organic material, such assawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks.

Suitable liquefied gaseous extenders or carriers are liquids which aregaseous at ambient temperature and under atmospheric pressure, forexample aerosol propellants, such as butane, propane, nitrogen andcarbon dioxide.

Tackifiers, such as carboxymethylcellulose and natural and syntheticpolymers in the form of powders, granules and latices, such as gumarabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, or else naturalphospholipids, such as cephalins and lecithins and syntheticphospholipids can be used in the formulations. Other possible additivesare mineral and vegetable oils and waxes, optionally modified.

If the extender used is water, it is also possible for example, to useorganic solvents as auxiliary solvents. Suitable liquid solvents areessentially: aromatic compounds, such as xylene, toluene oralkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatic compounds or chlorinatedaliphatic hydrocarbons, such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes ormethylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane orparaffins, for example mineral oil fractions, mineral and vegetableoils, alcohols, such as butanol or glycol, and also ethers and estersthereof, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutylketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents, such asdimethylformamide and dimethyl sulphoxide, and also water.

The compositions according to the invention may comprise additionalfurther components, such as, for example, surfactants. Suitablesurfactants are emulsifiers, dispersants or wetting agents having ionicor nonionic properties, or mixtures of these surfactants. Examples ofthese are salts of polyacrylic acid, salts of lignosulphonic acid, saltsof phenolsulphonic acid or naphthalenesulphonic acid, polycondensates ofethylene oxide with fatty alcohols or with fatty acids or with fattyamines, substituted phenols (preferably alkylphenols or arylphenols),salts of sulphosuccinic esters, taurine derivatives (preferably alkyltaurates), phosphoric esters of polyethoxylated alcohols or phenols,fatty esters of polyols, and derivatives of the compounds containingsulphates, sulphonates and phosphates. The presence of a surfactant isrequired if one of the active compounds and/or one of the inert carriersis insoluble in water and when the application takes place in water. Theproportion of surfactants is between 5 and 40 percent by weight of thecomposition according to the invention. It is possible to use colorantssuch as inorganic pigments, for example iron oxide, titanium oxide,Prussian blue, and organic dyes, such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes andmetal phthalocyanine dyes, and trace nutrients, such as salts of iron,manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.

If appropriate, other additional components may also be present, forexample protective colloids, binders, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropicsubstances, penetrants, stabilizers, sequestering agents, complexformers. In general, the active compounds can be combined with any solidor liquid additive customarily used for formulation purposes.

In general, the compositions according to the invention comprise between0.05 and 99 percent by weight, 0.01 and 98 percent by weight, preferablebetween 0.1 and 95 percent by weight, particularly preferred between 0.5and 90 percent by weight of the active compound combination according tothe invention, very particularly preferable between 10 and 70 percent byweight.

The active compound combinations or compositions according to theinvention can be used as such or, depending on their respective physicaland/or chemical properties, in the form of their formulations or the useforms prepared therefrom, such as aerosols, capsule suspensions,cold-fogging concentrates, warm-fogging concentrates, encapsulatedgranules, fine granules, flowable concentrates for the treatment ofseed, ready-to-use solutions, dustable powders, emulsifiableconcentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, water-in-oil emulsions,macrogranules, microgranules, oil-dispersible powders, oil-miscibleflowable concentrates, oil-miscible liquids, foams, pastes,pesticide-coated seed, suspension concentrates, suspoemulsionconcentrates, soluble concentrates, suspensions, wettable powders,soluble powders, dusts and granules, water-soluble granules or tablets,water-soluble powders for the treatment of seed, wettable powders,natural products and synthetic substances impregnated with activecompound, and also microencapsulations in polymeric substances and incoating materials for seed, and also ULV cold-fogging and warm-foggingformulations.

The formulations mentioned can be prepared in a manner known per se, forexample by mixing the active compounds or the active compoundcombinations with at least one additive. Suitable additives are allcustomary formulation auxiliaries, such as, for example, organicsolvents, extenders, solvents or diluents, solid carriers and fillers,surfactants (such as adjuvants, emulsifiers, dispersants, protectivecolloids, wetting agents and tackifiers), dispersants and/or binders orfixatives, preservatives, dyes and pigments, defoamers, inorganic andorganic thickeners, water repellents, if appropriate siccatives and UVstabilizers, gibberellins and also water and further processingauxiliaries. Depending on the formulation type to be prepared in eachcase, further processing steps such as, for example, wet grinding, drygrinding or granulation may be required.

The compositions according to the invention do not only compriseready-to-use compositions which can be applied with suitable apparatusto the plant or the seed, but also commercial concentrates which have tobe diluted with water prior to use.

The active compound combinations according to the invention can bepresent in (commercial) formulations and in the use forms prepared fromthese formulations as a mixture with other (known) active compounds,such as insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides, acaricides,nematicides, fungicides, growth regulators, herbicides, fertilizers,safeners and Semiochemicals.

The treatment according to the invention of the plants and plant partswith the active compounds or compositions is carried out directly or byaction on their surroundings, habitat or storage space using customarytreatment methods, for example by dipping, spraying, atomizing,irrigating, evaporating, dusting, fogging, broadcasting, foaming,painting, spreading-on, watering (drenching), drip irrigating and, inthe case of propagation material, in particular in the case of seeds,furthermore as a powder for dry seed treatment, a solution for seedtreatment, a water-soluble powder for slurry treatment, by incrusting,by coating with one or more layers, etc. It is furthermore possible toapply the active compounds by the ultra-low volume method, or to injectthe active compound preparation or the active compound itself into thesoil.

The invention furthermore comprises a method for treating seed. Theinvention furthermore relates to seed treated according to one of themethods described in the preceding paragraph.

The active compounds or compositions according to the invention areespecially suitable for treating seed. A large part of the damage tocrop plants caused by harmful organisms is triggered by an infection ofthe seed during storage or after sowing as well as during and aftergermination of the plant. This phase is particularly critical since theroots and shoots of the growing plant are particularly sensitive, andeven small damage may result in the death of the plant. Accordingly,there is great interest in protecting the seed and the germinating plantby using appropriate compositions.

The control of phytopathogenic fungi and/or animal pests by treating theseed of plants has been known for a long time and is the subject ofcontinuous improvements. However, the treatment of seed entails a seriesof problems which cannot always be solved in a satisfactory manner.Thus, it is desirable to develop methods for protecting the seed and thegerminating plant which dispense with the additional application of cropprotection agents after sowing or after the emergence of the plants orwhich at least considerably reduce additional application. It isfurthermore desirable to optimize the amount of active compound employedin such a way as to provide maximum protection for the seed and thegerminating plant from attack by phytopathogenic fungi, but withoutdamaging the plant itself by the active compound employed. Inparticular, methods for the treatment of seed should also take intoconsideration the intrinsic fungicidal properties of transgenic plantsin order to achieve optimum protection of the seed and the germinatingplant with a minimum of crop protection agents being employed.

Accordingly, the present invention also relates in particular to amethod for protecting seed and germinating plants against attack byphytopathogenic fungi and/or animal pests by treating the seed with acomposition according to the invention. The invention also relates tothe use of the compositions according to the invention for treating seedfor protecting the seed and the germinating plant againstphytopathogenic fungi and/or animal pests. Furthermore, the inventionrelates to seed treated with a composition according to the inventionfor protection against phytopathogenic fungi and/or animal pests.

The control of phytopathogenic fungi and/or animal pests which damageplants post-emergence is carried out primarily by treating the soil andthe above-ground parts of plants with crop protection compositions.Owing to the concerns regarding a possible impact of the crop protectioncomposition on the environment and the health of humans and animals,there are efforts to reduce the amount of active compounds applied.

One of the advantages of the present invention is that, because of theparticular systemic properties of the compositions according to theinvention, treatment of the seed with these compositions not onlyprotects the seed itself, but also the resulting plants after emergence,from phytopathogenic fungi and/or animal pests. In this manner, theimmediate treatment of the crop at the time of sowing or shortlythereafter can be dispensed with.

It is also considered to be advantageous that the mixtures according tothe invention can be used in particular also for transgenic seed wherethe plant growing from this seed is capable of expressing a proteinwhich acts against pests. By treating such seed with the active compoundcombinations or compositions according to the invention, even by theexpression of the, for example, insecticidal protein, certain pests maybe controlled. Surprisingly, a further synergistic effect may beobserved here, which additionally increases the effectiveness of theprotection against attack by pests.

The compositions according to the invention are suitable for protectingseed of any plant variety employed in agriculture, in the greenhouse, inforests or in horticulture or viticulture. In particular, this takes theform of seed of cereals (such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale, millet,oats), maize (corn), cotton, soya bean, rice, potatoes, sunflowers,beans, coffee, beets (e.g. sugar beets and fodder beets), peanuts,oilseed rape, poppies, olives, coconuts, cacao, sugar cane, tobacco,vegetables (such as tomatoes, cucumbers, onions and lettuce), lawn andornamental plants (also see below). The treatment of seeds of cereals(such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale, and oats), maize (corn) and riceis of particular importance.

As also described further below, the treatment of transgenic seed withthe active compound combinations or compositions according to theinvention is of particular importance. This refers to the seed of plantscontaining at least one heterologous gene which allows the expression ofa polypeptide or protein having insecticidal properties. Theheterologous gene in transgenic seed can originate, for example, frommicro-organisms of the species Bacillus, Rhizobium, Pseudomonas,Serratia, Trichoderma, Clavibacter, Glomus or Gliocladium. Preferably,this heterologous gene is from Bacillus sp., the gene product havingactivity against the European corn borer and/or the Western cornrootworm. Particularly preferably, the heterologous gene originates fromBacillus thuringiensis.

In the context of the present invention, the active compoundcombinations or compositions according to the invention are applied ontheir own or in a suitable formulation to the seed. Preferably, the seedis treated in a state in which it is sufficiently stable so that thetreatment does not cause any damage. In general, treatment of the seedmay take place at any point in time between harvesting and sowing.Usually, the seed used is separated from the plant and freed from cobs,shells, stalks, coats, hairs or the flesh of the fruits. Thus, it ispossible to use, for example, seed which has been harvested, cleaned anddried to a moisture content of less than 15% by weight. Alternatively,it is also possible to use seed which, after drying, has been treated,for example, with water and then dried again.

When treating the seed, care must generally be taken that the amount ofthe composition according to the invention applied to the seed and/orthe amount of further additives is chosen in such a way that thegermination of the seed is not adversely affected, or that the resultingplant is not damaged. This must be borne in mind in particular in thecase of active compounds which may have phytotoxic effects at certainapplication rates.

The compositions according to the invention can be applied directly,that is to say without comprising further components and without havingbeen diluted. In general, it is preferable to apply the compositions tothe seed in the form of a suitable formulation. Suitable formulationsand methods for the treatment of seed are known to the person skilled inthe art and are described, for example, in the following documents: U.S.Pat. No. 4,272,417 A, U.S. Pat. No. 4,245,432 A, U.S. Pat. No. 4,808,430A, U.S. Pat. No. 5,876,739 A, US 2003/0176428 A1, WO 2002/080675 A1, WO2002/028186 A2.

The active compound combinations which can be used according to theinvention can be converted into customary seed dressing formulations,such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries orother coating materials for seed, and also ULV formulations.

These formulations are prepared in a known manner by mixing the activecompounds or active compound combinations with customary additives, suchas, for example, customary extenders and also solvents or diluents,colorants, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, defoamers,preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and wateras well.

Suitable colorants that may be present in the seed dressing formulationswhich can be used according to the invention include all colorantscustomary for such purposes. Use may be made both of pigments, ofsparing solubility in water, and of dyes, which are soluble in water.Examples that may be mentioned include the colorants known under thedesignations Rhodamine B, C.I. Pigment Red 112, and C.I. Solvent Red 1.

Suitable wetting agents that may be present in the seed dressingformulations which can be used according to the invention include allsubstances which promote wetting and are customary in the formulation ofactive agrochemical substances. With preference it is possible to usealkylnaphthalene-sulphonates, such as diisopropyl- ordiisobutylnaphthalene-sulphonates.

Suitable dispersants and/or emulsifiers that may be present in the seeddressing formulations which can be used according to the inventioninclude all nonionic, anionic, and cationic dispersants which arecustomary in the formulation of active agrochemical substances. Withpreference, it is possible to use nonionic or anionic dispersants ormixtures of nonionic or anionic dispersants. Particularly suitablenonionic dispersants are ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymers,alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, and tristyrylphenol polyglycol ethers,and their phosphated or sulphated derivatives. Particularly suitableanionic dispersants are lignosulphonates, polyacrylic salts, andarylsulphonate-formaldehyde condensates.

Defoamers that may be present in the seed dressing formulations to beused according to the invention include all foam-inhibiting compoundswhich are customary in the formulation of agrochemically activecompounds. Preference is given to using silicone defoamers, magnesiumstearate, silicone emulsions, long-chain alcohols, fatty acids and theirsalts and also organofluorine compounds and mixtures thereof.Preservatives that may be present in the seed dressing formulations tobe used according to the invention include all compounds which can beused for such purposes in agrochemical compositions. By way of example,mention may be made of dichlorophen and benzyl alcohol hemiformal.

Secondary thickeners that may be present in the seed dressingformulations to be used according to the invention include all compoundswhich can be used for such purposes in agrochemical compositions.Preference is given to cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives,polysaccharides, such as xanthan gum or Veegum, modified clays,phyllosilicates, such as attapulgite and bentonite, and also finelydivided silicic acids.

Suitable adhesives that may be present in the seed dressing formulationsto be used according to the invention include all customary binderswhich can be used in seed dressings. Polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylacetate, polyvinyl alcohol and tylose may be mentioned as beingpreferred.

Suitable gibberellins that may be present in the seed dressingformulations to be used according to the invention are preferably thegibberellins A1, A3 (=gibberellic acid), A4 and A7; particularpreference is given to using gibberellic acid. The gibberellins areknown (cf R. Wegler “Chemie der Pflanzanschutz- andSchädlingsbekämpfungsmittel” [Chemistry of Crop Protection Agents andPesticides], Vol. 2, Springer Verlag, 1970, pp. 401-412).

The seed dressing formulations which can be used according to theinvention may be used directly or after dilution with water beforehandto treat seed of any of a very wide variety of types. The seed dressingformulations which can be used according to the invention or theirdilute preparations may also be used to dress seed of transgenic plants.In this context, synergistic effects may also arise in interaction withthe substances formed by expression.

Suitable mixing equipment for treating seed with the seed dressingformulations which can be used according to the invention or thepreparations prepared from them by adding water includes all mixingequipment which can commonly be used for dressing. The specificprocedure adopted when dressing comprises introducing the seed into amixer, adding the particular desired amount of seed dressingformulation, either as it is or following dilution with waterbeforehand, and carrying out mixing until the formulation is uniformlydistributed on the seed. Optionally, a drying operation follows.

The active compounds or compositions according to the invention havestrong microbicidal activity and can be used for controlling unwantedmicro-organisms, such as fungi and bacteria, in crop protection andmaterial protection.

In crop protection, fungicides can be used for controllingPlasmodiophoromycetes, Oomycetes, Chytridiomycetes, Zygomycetes,Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes.

In crop protection, bactericides can be used for controllingPseudomonadaceae, Rhizobiaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Corynebacteriaceaeand Streptomycetaceae.

The fungicidal compositions according to the invention can be used forthe curative or protective control of phytopathogenic fungi.Accordingly, the invention also relates to curative and protectivemethods for controlling phytopathogenic fungi using the active compoundcombinations or compositions according to the invention, which areapplied to the seed, the plant or plant parts, the fruit or the soil inwhich the plants grow. Preference is given to application onto the plantor the plant parts, the fruits or the soil in which the plants grow.

The compositions according to the invention for combatingphytopathogenic fungi in crop protection comprise an active, butnon-phytotoxic amount of the compounds according to the invention.“Active, but non-phytotoxic amount” shall mean an amount of thecomposition according to the invention which is sufficient to control orto completely kill the plant disease caused by fungi, which amount atthe same time does not exhibit noteworthy symptoms of phytotoxicity.These application rates generally may be varied in a broader range,which rate depends on several factors, e.g. the phytopathogenic fungi,the plant or crop, the climatic conditions and the ingredients of thecomposition according to the invention.

The fact that the active compounds, at the concentrations required forthe controlling of plant diseases, are well tolerated by plants permitsthe treatment of aerial plant parts, of vegetative propagation materialand seed, and of the soil.

According to the invention, it is possible to treat all plants and partsof plants. Plants are to be understood here as meaning all plants andplant populations, such as wanted and unwanted wild plants or cropplants (including naturally occurring crop plants). Crop plants can beplants which can be obtained by conventional breeding and optimizationmethods or by biotechnological and genetic engineering methods orcombinations of these methods, including the transgenic plants andincluding plant cultivars which can or cannot be protected by plantvariety protection rights. Parts of plants are to be understood asmeaning all above-ground and below-ground parts and organs of theplants, such as shoot, leaf, flower and root, examples which may bementioned being leaves, needles, stems, trunks, flowers, fruit bodies,fruits and seeds and also roots, tubes and rhizomes. Plant parts alsoinclude harvested material and vegetative and generative propagationmaterial, for example seedlings, tubers, rhizomes, cuttings and seeds.Preference is given to the treatment of the plants and the above-groundand below-ground parts and organs of the plants, such as shoot, leafflower and root, examples which may be mentioned being leaves, needles,stems, trunks, flowers, and fruits.

The active compounds of the invention, in combination with good planttolerance and favourable toxicity to warm-blooded animals and beingtolerated well by the environment, are suitable for protecting plantsand plant organs, for increasing the harvest yields, for improving thequality of the harvested material. They may be preferably employed ascrop protection agents. They are active against normally sensitive andresistant species and against all or some stages of development.

The following plants may be mentioned as plants which can be treatedaccording to the invention: cotton, flax, grapevines, fruit, vegetable,such as Rosaceae sp. (for example pomaceous fruit, such as apples andpears, but also stone fruit, such as apricots, cherries, almonds andpeaches and soft fruit such as strawberries), Ribesioidae sp.,Juglandaceae sp., Betulaceae sp., Anacardiaceae sp., Fagaceae sp.,Moraceae sp., Oleaceae sp., Actinidaceae sp., Lauraceae sp., Musoceaesp. (for example banana trees and plantations), Rubiaceae sp. (forexample coffee), Theaceae sp., Sterculiceae sp., Rutaceae sp. (forexample lemons, oranges and grapefruit), Solanaceae sp. (for exampletomatoes), Liliaceae sp., Asteraceae sp. (for example lettuce),Umbelliferae sp., Cruciferae sp., Chenopodiaceae sp., Cucurbitaceae sp.(for example cucumbers), Alliaceae sp. (for example leek, onions),Papilionaceae sp. (for example peas); major crop plants, such Gramineaesp. (for example maize, lawn, cereals such as wheat, rye, rice, barley,oats, millet and triticale), Asteraceae sp. (for example sunflowers),Brassicaceae sp. (for example white cabbage, red cabbage, broccoli,cauliflowers, Brussels sprouts, pak choi, kohlrabi, garden radish, andalso oilseed rape, mustard, horseradish and cress), Fabacae sp. (forexample beans, peas, peanuts), Papilionaceae sp. (for example soyabeans), Solanaceae sp. (for example potatoes), Chenopodiaceae sp. (forexample sugar beet, fodder beet, Swiss chard, beetroot); crop plants andornamental plants in garden and forest; and also in each casegenetically modified varieties of these plants.

As already mentioned above, it is possible to treat all plants and theirparts according to the invention. In a preferred embodiment, wild plantspecies and plant cultivars, or those obtained by conventionalbiological breeding methods, such as crossing or protoplast fusion, andparts thereof, are treated. In a further preferred embodiment,transgenic plants and plant cultivars obtained by genetic engineeringmethods, if appropriate in combination with conventional methods(genetically modified organisms), and parts thereof are treated. Theterms “parts”, “parts of plants” and “plant parts” have been explainedabove. Particularly preferably, plants of the plant cultivars which arein each case commercially available or in use are treated according tothe invention. Plant cultivars are to be understood as meaning plantshaving novel properties (“traits”) which have been obtained byconventional breeding, by mutagenesis or by recombinant DNA techniques.These can be cultivars, bio- or genotypes.

The method of treatment according to the invention is used in thetreatment of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), e.g. plants orseeds. Genetically modified plants (or transgenic plants) are plants ofwhich a heterologous gene has been stably integrated into the genome.The expression “heterologous gene” essentially means a gene which isprovided or assembled outside the plant and when introduced in thenuclear, chloroplastic or mitochondrial genome gives the transformedplant new or improved agronomic or other properties by expressing aprotein or polypeptide of interest or by down regulating or silencingother gene(s) which are present in the plant (using for example,antisense technology, co-suppression technology or RNAinterference—RNAi—technology). A heterologous gene that is located inthe genome is also called a transgene. A transgene that is defined byits particular location in the plant genome is called a transformationor transgenic event.

Depending on the plant species or plant cultivars, their location andgrowth conditions (soils, climate, vegetation period, diet), thetreatment according to the invention may also result in super-additive(“synergistic”) effects. Thus, for example, reduced application ratesand/or a widening of the activity spectrum and/or an increase in theactivity of the active compounds and compositions which can be usedaccording to the invention, better plant growth, increased tolerance tohigh or low temperatures, increased tolerance to drought or to water orsoil salt content, increased flowering performance, easier harvesting,accelerated maturation, higher harvest yields, bigger fruits, largerplant height, greener leaf color, earlier flowering, higher qualityand/or a higher nutritional value of the harvested products, highersugar concentration within the fruits, better storage stability and/orprocessability of the harvested products are possible, which exceed theeffects which were actually to be expected.

At certain application rates, the active compound combinations accordingto the invention may also have a strengthening effect in plants.Accordingly, they are also suitable for mobilizing the defense system ofthe plant against attack by unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and/ormicro-organisms and/or viruses. This may, if appropriate, be one of thereasons of the enhanced activity of the combinations according to theinvention, for example against fungi. Plant-strengthening(resistance-inducing) substances are to be understood as meaning, in thepresent context, those substances or combinations of substances whichare capable of stimulating the defense system of plants in such a waythat, when subsequently inoculated with unwanted phytopathogenic fungiand/or micro-organisms and/or viruses, the treated plants display asubstantial degree of resistance to these phytopathogenic fungi and/ormicro-organisms and/or viruses, Thus, the substances according to theinvention can be employed for protecting plants against attack by theabovementioned pathogens within a certain period of time after thetreatment. The period of time within which protection is effectedgenerally extends from 1 to 10 days, preferably 1 to 7 days, after thetreatment of the plants with the active compounds.

Plants and plant cultivars which are preferably to be treated accordingto the invention include all plants which have genetic material whichimpart particularly advantageous, useful traits to these plants (whetherobtained by breeding and/or biotechnological means).

Plants and plant cultivars which are also preferably to be treatedaccording to the invention are resistant against one or more bioticstresses, i.e. said plants show a better defense against animal andmicrobial pests, such as against nematodes, insects, mites,phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses and/or viroids.

Plants and plant cultivars which may also be treated according to theinvention are those plants which are resistant to one or more abioticstresses. Abiotic stress conditions may include, for example, drought,cold temperature exposure, heat exposure, osmotic stress, flooding,increased soil salinity, increased mineral exposure, ozon exposure, highlight exposure, limited availability of nitrogen nutrients, limitedavailability of phosphorus nutrients, shade avoidance.

Plants and plant cultivars which may also be treated according to theinvention, are those plants characterized by enhanced yieldcharacteristics. Increased yield in said plants can be the result of,for example, improved plant physiology, growth and development, such aswater use efficiency, water retention efficiency, improved nitrogen use,enhanced carbon assimilation, improved photosynthesis, increasedgermination efficiency and accelerated maturation. Yield can furthermorebe affected by improved plant architecture (under stress and non-stressconditions), including but not limited to, early flowering, floweringcontrol for hybrid seed production, seedling vigor, plant size,internode number and distance, root growth, seed size, fruit size, podsize, pod or ear number, seed number per pod or ear, seed mass, enhancedseed filling, reduced seed dispersal, reduced pod dehiscence and lodgingresistance. Further yield traits include seed composition, such ascarbohydrate content, protein content, oil content and composition,nutritional value, reduction in anti-nutritional compounds, improvedprocessability and better storage stability.

Plants that may be treated according to the invention are hybrid plantsthat already express the characteristic of heterosis or hybrid vigorwhich results in generally higher yield, vigor, health and resistancetowards biotic and abiotic stress factors. Such plants are typicallymade by crossing an inbred male-sterile parent line (the female parent)with another inbred male-fertile parent line (the male parent). Hybridseed is typically harvested from the male sterile plants and sold togrowers. Male sterile plants can sometimes (e.g. in corn) be produced bydetasseling, i.e. the mechanical removal of the male reproductive organs(or males flowers) but, more typically, male sterility is the result ofgenetic determinants in the plant genome. In that case, and especiallywhen seed is the desired product to be harvested from the hybrid plantsit is typically useful to ensure that male fertility in the hybridplants is fully restored. This can be accomplished by ensuring that themale parents have appropriate fertility restorer genes which are capableof restoring the male fertility in hybrid plants that contain thegenetic determinants responsible for male-sterility. Geneticdeterminants for male sterility may be located in the cytoplasm.Examples of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) were for instance describedin Brassica species. However, genetic determinants for male sterilitycan also be located in the nuclear genome. Male sterile plants can alsobe obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering.A particularly useful means of obtaining male-sterile plants isdescribed in WO 89/10396 in which, for example, a ribonuclease such asbarnase is selectively expressed in the tapetum cells in the stamens.Fertility can then be restored by expression in the tapetum cells of aribonuclease inhibitor such as barstar.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods suchas genetic engineering) which may be treated according to the inventionare herbicide-tolerant plants, i.e. plants made tolerant to one or moregiven herbicides. Such plants can be obtained either by genetictransformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutationimparting such herbicide tolerance.

Herbicide-tolerant plants are for example glyphosate-tolerant plants,i.e. plants made tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate or salts thereof.Plants can be made tolerant to glyphosate through different means. Forexample, glyphosate-tolerant plants can be obtained by transforming theplant with a gene encoding the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphatesynthase (EPSPS). Examples of such EPSPS genes are the AroA gene (mutantCT7) of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium, the CP4 gene of thebacterium Agrobacterium sp, the genes encoding a Petunia EPSPS, a TomatoEPSPS, or an Eleusine EPSPS. It can also be a mutated EPSPS.Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by expressing a genethat encodes a glyphosate oxido-reductase enzyme. Glyphosate-tolerantplants can also be obtained by expressing a gene that encodes aglyphosate acetyl transferase enzyme. Glyphosate-tolerant plants canalso be obtained by selecting plants containing naturally-occurringmutations of the above-mentioned genes.

Other herbicide resistant plants are for example plants that are madetolerant to herbicides inhibiting the enzyme glutamine synthase, such asbialaphos, phosphinothricin or glufosinate. Such plants can be obtainedby expressing an enzyme detoxifying the herbicide or a mutant glutaminesynthase enzyme that is resistant to inhibition. One such efficientdetoxifying enzyme is an enzyme encoding a phosphinothricinacetyltransferase (such as the bar or pat protein from Streptomycesspecies). Plants expressing an exogenous phosphinothricinacetyltransferase are also described.

Further herbicide-tolerant plants are also plants that are made tolerantto the herbicides inhibiting the enzyme hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase(HPPD). Hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenases are enzymes that catalyze thereaction in which para-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) is transformed intohomogentisate. Plants tolerant to HPPD-inhibitors can be transformedwith a gene encoding a naturally-occurring resistant HPPD enzyme, or agene encoding a mutated HPPD enzyme. Tolerance to HPPD-inhibitors canalso be obtained by transforming plants with genes encoding certainenzymes enabling the formation of homogentisate despite the inhibitionof the native HPPD enzyme by the HPPD-inhibitor. Tolerance of plants toHPPD inhibitors can also be improved by transforming plants with a geneencoding an enzyme prephenate dehydrogenase in addition to a geneencoding an HPPD-tolerant enzyme.

Still further herbicide resistant plants are plants that are madetolerant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. Known ALS-inhibitorsinclude, for example, sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, triazolopyrimidines,pyrimidinyoxy(thio)benzoates, and/or sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinoneherbicides. Different mutations in the ALS enzyme (also known asacetohydroxyacid synthase, AHAS) are known to confer tolerance todifferent herbicides and groups of herbicides. The production ofsulfonylurea-tolerant plants and imidazolinone-tolerant plants isdescribed in WO 1996/033270. Other imidazolinone-tolerant plants arealso described. Further sulfonylurea- and imidazolinone-tolerant plantsare also described in for example WO 20071024782.

Other plants tolerant to imidazolinone and/or sulfonylurea can beobtained by induced mutagenesis, selection in cell cultures in thepresence of the herbicide or mutation breeding as described for examplefor soybeans, for rice, for sugar beet, for lettuce, or for sunflower.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods suchas genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to theinvention are insect-resistant transgenic plants, i.e. plants maderesistant to attack by certain target insects. Such plants can beobtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containinga mutation imparting such insect resistance.

An “insect-resistant transgenic plant”, as used herein, includes anyplant containing at least one transgene comprising a coding sequenceencoding:

-   1) an insecticidal crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or an    insecticidal portion thereof, such as the insecticidal crystal    proteins listed online at    http://www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/Home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/, or    insecticidal portions thereof, e.g., proteins of the Cry protein    classes Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry2Ab, Cry3Aa, or Cry3Bb or    insecticidal portions thereof, or-   2) a crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a portion    thereof which is insecticidal in the presence of a second other    crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a portion thereof,    such as the binary toxin made up of the Cry34 and Cry35 crystal    proteins; or-   3) a hybrid insecticidal protein comprising parts of different    insecticidal crystal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as a    hybrid of the proteins of 1) above or a hybrid of the proteins of 2)    above, e.g., the Cry1A.105 protein produced by corn event MON98034    (WO 2007/027777); or-   4) a protein of any one of 1) to 3) above wherein some, particularly    1 to 10, amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid to    obtain a higher insecticidal activity to a target insect species,    and/or to expand the range of target insect species affected, and/or    because of changes introduced into the encoding DNA during cloning    or transformation, such as the Cry3Bb1 protein in corn events MON863    or MON88017, or the Cry3A protein in corn event MIR604;-   5) an insecticidal secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or    Bacillus cereus, or an insecticidal portion thereof, such as the    vegetative insecticidal (VIP) proteins listed at:    http://www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/vip.html,    e.g. proteins from the VIP3Aa protein class; or-   6) secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus    which is insecticidal in the presence of a second secreted protein    from Bacillus thuringiensis or B. cereus, such as the binary toxin    made up of the VIP1A and VIP2A proteins; or-   7) hybrid insecticidal protein comprising parts from different    secreted proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus,    such as a hybrid of the proteins in 1) above or a hybrid of the    proteins in 2) above; or-   8) protein of any one of 1) to 3) above wherein some, particularly 1    to 10, amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid to    obtain a higher insecticidal activity to a target insect species,    and/or to expand the range of target insect species affected, and/or    because of changes introduced into the encoding DNA during cloning    or transformation (while still encoding an insecticidal protein),    such as the VIP3Aa protein in cotton event COT102.

Of course, an insect-resistant transgenic plant, as used herein, alsoincludes any plant comprising a combination of genes encoding theproteins of any one of the above classes 1 to 8. In one embodiment, aninsect-resistant plant contains more than one transgene encoding aprotein of any one of the above classes 1 to 8, to expand the range oftarget insect species affected when using different proteins directed atdifferent target insect species, or to delay insect resistancedevelopment to the plants by using different proteins insecticidal tothe same target insect species but having a different mode of action,such as binding to different receptor binding sites in the insect.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods suchas genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to theinvention are tolerant to abiotic stresses. Such plants can be obtainedby genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing amutation imparting such stress resistance. Particularly useful stresstolerance plants include:

-   a. plants which contain a transgene capable of reducing the    expression and/or the activity of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP)    gene in the plant cells or plants-   b. plants which contain a stress tolerance enhancing transgene    capable of reducing the expression and/or the activity of the PARG    encoding genes of the plants or plants cells.-   c. plants which contain a stress tolerance enhancing transgene    coding for a plant-functional enzyme of the nicotinamide adenine    dinucleotide salvage synthesis pathway including nicotinamidase,    nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinic acid mononucleotide    adenyl transferase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthetase or    nicotine amide phosphorybosyltransferase.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods suchas genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to theinvention show altered quantity, quality and/or storage-stability of theharvested product and/or altered properties of specific ingredients ofthe harvested product such as:

-   1) transgenic plants which synthesize a modified starch, which in    its physical-chemical characteristics, in particular the amylose    content or the amylose/amylopectin ratio, the degree of branching,    the average chain length, the side chain distribution, the viscosity    behaviour, the gelling strength, the starch grain size and/or the    starch grain morphology, is changed in comparison with the    synthesised starch in wild type plant cells or plants, so that this    is better suited for special applications.-   2) transgenic plants which synthesize non starch carbohydrate    polymers or which synthesize non starch carbohydrate polymers with    altered properties in comparison to wild type plants without genetic    modification. Examples are plants producing polyfructose, especially    of the inulin and levan-type, plants producing alpha 1,4 glucans,    plants producing alpha-1,6 branched alpha-1,4-glucans, plants    producing alternan,-   3) transgenic plants which produce hyaluronan.

Plants or plant cultivars (that can be obtained by plant biotechnologymethods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated accordingto the invention are plants, such as cotton plants, with altered fibercharacteristics. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformationor by selection of plants contain a mutation imparting such alteredfiber characteristics and include:

-   a) Plants, such as cotton plants, containing an altered form of    cellulose synthase genes,-   b) Plants, such as cotton plants, containing an altered form of rsw2    or rsw3 homologous nucleic acids,-   c) Plants, such as cotton plants, with increased expression of    sucrose phosphate synthase,-   d) Plants, such as cotton plants, with increased expression of    sucrose synthase,-   e) Plants, such as cotton plants, wherein the timing of the    plasmodesmatal gating at the basis of the fiber cell is altered,    e.g. through downregulation of fiberselective β 1,3-glucanase,-   f) Plants, such as cotton plants, having fibers with altered    reactivity, e.g. through the expression of    N-acteylglucosaminetransferase gene including nodC and    chitinsynthase genes.

Plants or plant cultivars (that can be obtained by plant biotechnologymethods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated accordingto the invention are plants, such as oilseed rape or related Brassicaplants, with altered oil profile characteristics. Such plants can beobtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants contain amutation imparting such altered oil characteristics and include:

-   a) Plants, such as oilseed rape plants, producing oil having a high    oleic acid content,-   b) Plants such as oilseed rape plants, producing oil having a low    linolenic acid content,-   c) Plant such as oilseed rape plants, producing oil having a low    level of saturated fatty acids.

Particularly useful transgenic plants which may be treated according tothe invention are plants which comprise one or more genes which encodeone or more toxins, such as the following which are sold under the tradenames YIELD GARD® (for example maize, cotton, soya beans), KnockOut®(for example maize), BiteGard® (for example maize), Bt-Xtra® (forexample maize), StarLink® (for example maize), Bollgard® (cotton),Nucotn® (cotton), Nucotn 33B® (cotton), NatureGard® (for example maize),Protecta® and New-Leaf® (potato). Examples of herbicide-tolerant plantswhich may be mentioned are maize varieties, cotton varieties and soyabean varieties which are sold under the trade names Roundup Ready®(tolerance to glyphosate, for example maize, cotton, soya bean), LibertyLink® (tolerance to phosphinotricin, for example oilseed rape), IMI®(tolerance to imidazolinones) and STS® (tolerance to sulphonylureas, forexample maize). Herbicide-resistant plants (plants bred in aconventional manner for herbicide tolerance) which may be mentionedinclude the varieties sold under the name Clearfield® (for examplemaize).

Particularly useful transgenic plants which may be treated according tothe invention are plants containing transformation events, orcombination of transformation events, that are listed for example in thedatabases from various national or regional regulatory agencies (see forexample http://gmoinfo.jrc.it/gmp_browse.aspx andhttp://www.agbios.com/dbase.php).

In material protection the substances of the invention may be used forthe protection of technical materials against infestation anddestruction by undesirable fungi and/or micro-organisms.

Technical materials are understood to be in the present contextnon-living materials that have been prepared for use in engineering. Forexample, technical materials that are to be protected againstmicrobiological change or destruction by the active materials of theinvention can be adhesives, glues, paper and cardboard, textiles,carpets, leather, wood, paint and plastic articles, cooling lubricantsand other materials that can be infested or destroyed bymicro-organisms. Within the context of materials to be protected arealso parts of production plants and buildings, for example coolingcircuits, cooling and heating systems, air conditioning and ventilationsystems, which can be adversely affected by the propagation of fungiand/or micro-organisms. Within the context of the present invention,preferably mentioned as technical materials are adhesives, glues, paperand cardboard, leather, wood, paints, cooling lubricants and heatexchanger liquids, particularly preferred is wood. The combinationsaccording to the invention can prevent disadvantageous effects likedecaying, dis- and decoloring, or molding. The active compoundcombinations and compositions according to the invention can likewise beemployed for protecting against colonization of objects, in particularship hulls, sieves, nets, buildings, quays and signalling installations,which are in contact with sea water or brackish water.

The method of treatment according to the invention can also be used inthe field of protecting storage goods against attack of fungi andmicro-organisms. According to the present invention, the term “storagegoods” is understood to denote natural substances of vegetable or animalorigin and their processed forms, which have been taken from the naturallife cycle and for which long-term protection is desired. Storage goodsof vegetable origin, such as plants or parts thereof, for examplestalks, leafs, tubers, seeds, fruits or grains, can be protected in thefreshly harvested state or in processed form, such as pre-dried,moistened, comminuted, ground, pressed or roasted. Also falling underthe definition of storage goods is timber, whether in the form of crudetimber, such as construction timber, electricity pylons and barriers, orin the form of finished articles, such as furniture or objects made fromwood. Storage goods of animal origin are hides, leather, furs, hairs andthe like. The combinations according the present invention can preventdisadvantageous effects such as decay, discoloration or mold. Preferably“storage goods” is understood to denote natural substances of vegetableorigin and their processed forms, more preferably fruits and theirprocessed forms, such as pomes, stone fruits, soft fruits and citrusfruits and their processed forms.

Some pathogens of fungal diseases which can be treated according to theinvention may be mentioned by way of example, but not by way oflimitation:

Diseases caused by powdery mildew pathogens, such as, for example,Blumeria species, such as, for example, Blumeria graminis; Podosphaeraspecies, such as, for example, Podosphaera leucotricha; Sphaerothecaspecies, such as, for example, Sphaerotheca fuliginea; Uncinula species,such as, for example, Uncinula necator,Diseases caused by rust disease pathogens, such as, for example,Gymnosporangium species, such as, for example, Gymnosporangium sabinae;Hemileia species, such as, for example, Hemileia vastatrix; Phakopsoraspecies, such as, for example, Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsorameibomiae; Puccinia species, such as, for example, Puccinia recondita orPuccinia triticina; Uromyces species, such as, for example, Uromycesappendiculatus;Diseases caused by pathogens from the group of the Oomycetes, such as,for example, Bremia species, such as, for example, Bremia lactucae;Peronospora species, such as, for example, Peronospora pisi or P.brassicae; Phytophthora species, such as, for example Phytophthorainfestans; Plasmopara species, such as, for example, Plasmoparaviticola; Pseudoperonospora species, such as, for example,Pseudoperonospora humuli or Pseudoperonospora cubensis; Pythium species,such as, for example, Pythium ultimum; Leaf blotch diseases and leafwilt diseases caused, for example, by Alternaria species, such as, forexample, Alternaria solani; Cercospora species, such as, for example,Cercospora beticola; Cladiosporium species, such as, for example,Cladiosporium cucumerinum; Cochliobolus species, such as, for example,Cochliobolus sativus (conidia form: Drechslera, Syn: Helminthosporium);Colletotrichum species, such as, for example, Colletotrichumlindemuthanium; Cycloconium species, such as, for example, Cycloconiumoleaginum; Diaporthe species, such as, for example, Diaporthe citri;Elsinoe species, such as, for example, Elsinoe fawcettii; Gloeosporiumspecies, such as, for example, Gloeosporium laeticolor, Glomerellaspecies, such as, for example, Glomerella cingulata; Guignardia species,such as, for example, Guignardia bidwelli; Leptosphaeria species, suchas, for example, Leptosphaeria maculans; Magnaporthe species, such as,for example, Magnaporthe grisea; Microdochium species, such as, forexample, Microdochium nivale; Mycosphaerella species, such as, forexample, Mycosphaerella graminicola and M. fijiensis; Phaeosphaeriaspecies, such as, for example, Phaeosphaeria nodorum; Pyrenophoraspecies, such as, for example, Pyrenophora teres; Ramularia species,such as, for example, Ramularia collo-cygni; Rhynchosporium species,such as, for example, Rhynchosporium secalis; Septoria species, such as,for example, Septoria apii; Typhula species, such as, for example,Typhula incarnata; Venturia species, such as, for example, Venturiainaequalis;Root and stem diseases caused, for example, by Corticium species, suchas, for example, Corticium graminearum; Fusarium species, such as, forexample, Fusarium oxysporum; Gaeumannomyces species, such as, forexample, Gaeumannomyces graminis; Rhizoctonia species, such as, forexample Rhizoctonia solani; Tapesia species, such as, for example,Tapesia acuformis; Thielaviopsis species, such as, for example,Thielaviopsis basicola;Ear and panicle diseases (including maize cobs) caused, for example, byAlternaria species, such as, for example, Alternaria spp.; Aspergillusspecies, such as, for example, Aspergillus flavus; Cladosporium species,such as, for example, Cladosporium cladosporioides; Claviceps species,such as, for example, Claviceps purpurea; Fusarium species, such as, forexample, Fusarium culmorum; Gibberella species, such as, for example,Gibberella zeae; Monographella species, such as, for example,Monographella nivalis; Septoria species, such as for example, Septorianodorum;Diseases caused by smut fungi, such as, for example, Sphacelothecaspecies, such as, for example, Sphacelotheca reiliana; Tilletia species,such as, for example, Tilletia caries; T. controversa; Urocystisspecies, such as, for example, Urocystis occulta; Ustilago species, suchas, for example, Ustilago nuda; U. nuda tritici;Fruit rot caused, for example, by Aspergillus species, such as, forexample, Aspergillus flavus; Botrytis species, such as, for example,Botrytis cinerea; Penicillium species, such as, for example, Penicilliumexpansum and P. purpurogenum; Sclerotinia species, such as, for example,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; Verticilium species, such as, for example,Verticilium alboatrum;Seed- and soil-borne rot and wilt diseases, and also diseases ofseedlings, caused, for example, by Fusarium species, such as, forexample, Fusarium culmorum; Phytophthora species, such as, for example,Phytophthora cactorum; Pythium species, such as, for example, Pythiumultimum; Rhizoctonia species, such as, for example, Rhizoctonia solani;Sclerotium species, such as, for example, Sclerotium rolfsii;Cancerous diseases, galls and witches' broom caused, for example, byNectria species, such as, for example, Nectria galligena;Wilt diseases caused, for example, by Monilinia species, such as, forexample, Monilinia laxa;Deformations of leaves, flowers and fruits caused, for example, byTaphrina species, such as, for example, Taphrina deformans;Degenerative diseases of woody plants caused, for example, by Escaspecies, such as, for example, Phaemoniella clamydospora andPhaeoacremonium aleophilum and Fomitiporia mediterranea;Diseases of flowers and seeds caused, for example, by Botrytis species,such as, for example, Botrytis cinerea;Diseases of plant tubers caused, for example, by Rhizoctonia species,such as, for example, Rhizoctonia solani; Helminthosporium species, suchas, for example, Helminthosporium solani;Diseases caused by bacteriopathogens, such as, for example, Xanthomonasspecies, such as, for example, Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae;Pseudomonas species, such as, for example, Pseudomonas syringae pv.lachrymans; Erwinia species, such as, for example, Erwinia amylovora.

Preference is given to controlling the following diseases of soya beans:

Fungal diseases on leaves, stems, pods and seeds caused, for example, byalternaria leaf spot (Alternaria spec. atrans tenuissima), anthracnose(Colletotrichum gloeosporoides dematium var. truncatum), brown spot(Septoria glycines), cercospora leaf spot and blight (Cercosporakikuchii), choanephora leaf blight (Choanephora infundibulifera trispora(Syn.)), dactuliophora leaf spot (Dactuliophora glycines), downy mildew(Peronospora manshurica), drechslera blight (Drechslera glycini),frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora sojina), leptosphaerulina leaf spot(Leptosphaerulina trifolii), phyllostica leaf spot (Phyllostictasojaecola), pod and stem blight (Phomopsis sojae), powdery mildew(Microsphaera diffusa), pyrenochaeta leaf spot (Pyrenochaeta glycines),rhizoctonia aerial, foliage, and web blight (Rhizoctonia solani), rust(Phakopsora pachyrhizi Phakopsora meibomiae), scab (Sphacelomaglycines), stemphylium leaf blight (Stemphylium botryosum), target spot(Corynespora cassiicola).

Fungal diseases on roots and the stem base caused, for example, by blackroot rot (Calonectria crotalariae), charcoal rot (Macrophominaphaseolina), fusarium blight or wilt, root rot, and pod and collar rot(Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium orthoceras, Fusarium semitectum, Fusariumequiseti), mycoleptodiscus root rot (Mycoleptodiscus terrestris),neocosmospora (Neocosmopspora vasinfecta), pod and stem blight(Diaporthe phaseolorum), stem canker (Diaporthe phaseolorum var.caulivora), phytophthora rot (Phytophthora megasperma), brown stem rot(Phialophora gregata), pythium rot (Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythiumirregulare, Pythium debaryanum, Pythium myriotylum, Pythium ultimum),rhizoctonia root rot, stem decay, and damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani),sclerotinia stem decay (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), sclerotinia Southernblight (Sclerotinia rolfsii), thielaviopsis root rot (Thielaviopsisbasicola).

It is also possible to control resistant strains of the organismsmentioned above.

Microorganisms capable of degrading or changing the industrial materialswhich may be mentioned are, for example, bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algaeand slime organisms. The active compounds according to the inventionpreferably act against fungi, in particular moulds, wood-discolouringand wood-destroying fungi (Basidiomycetes) and against slime organismsand algae. Microorganisms of the following genera may be mentioned asexamples: Alternaria, such as Alternaria tenuis, Aspergillus, such asAspergillus niger, Chaetomium, such as Chaetomium globosum, Coniophora,such as Coniophora puetana, Lentinus, such as Lentinus tigrinus,Penicillium, such as Penicillium glaucum, Polyporus, such as Polyporusversicolor, Aureobasidium, such as Aureobasidium pullulans, Sclerophoma,such as Sclerophoma pityophila, Trichoderma, such as Trichoderma viride,Escherichia, such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, such as Pseudomonasaeruginosa, and Staphylococcus, such as Staphylococcus aureus.

In addition, the compounds of the formula (I) according to the inventionalso have very good antimycotic activity. They have a very broadantimycotic activity spectrum in particular against dermatophytes andyeasts, moulds and diphasic fungi (for example against Candida speciessuch as Candida albicans, Candida glabrata) and Epidermophytonfloccosum, Aspergillus species such as Aspergillus niger and Aspergillusfumigatus, Trichophyton species such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes,Microsporon species such as Microsporon canis and audouinii. The list ofthese fungi by no means limits the mycotic spectrum which can becovered, but is only for illustration.

The active compounds of the invention are suitable for protecting plantsand plant organs, for increasing harvest yields, for improving thequality of the harvested material and for controlling animal pests, inparticular insects, arachnids, helminths, nematodes and molluscs, whichare encountered in agriculture, in horticulture, in animal husbandry, inforests, in gardens and leisure facilities, in the protection of storedproducts and of materials, and in the hygiene sector. They are activeagainst normally sensitive and resistant species and against all or somestages of development. The abovementioned pests include:

-   From the phylum of Mollusca e.g. from the class of the    Lamellibranchiata e.g. Dreissena spp.-   From the class of the Gastropoda e.g. Arion spp., Biomphalaria spp.,    Bulinus spp., Deroceras spp., Galba spp., Lymnaea spp., Oncomelania    spp., Pomacea spp., Succinea spp.-   From the phylum: Arthropoda e.g. from the order of Isopoda e.g.    Armadillidium vulgare, Oniscus asellus, Porcellio scaber.-   From the class of the Arachnida e.g. Acarus spp., Aceria sheldoni,    Aculops spp., Aculus spp., Amblyomma spp., Amphitetranychus    viennensis, Argas spp., Boophilus spp., Brevipalpus spp., Bryobia    praetiosa, Centruroides spp., Chorioptes spp., Dermanyssus gallinae,    Dermatophagoides pteronyssius, Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermacentor    spp., Eotetranychus spp., Epitrimerus pyri, Eutetranychus spp.,    Eriophyes spp., Halotydeus destructor, Hemitarsonemus spp., Hyalomma    spp., Ixodes spp., Latrodectus spp., Loxosceles spp.,    Metatetranychus spp., Nuphersa spp., Oligonychus spp., Ornithodorus    spp., Ornithonyssus spp., Panonychus spp. Phyllocoptruta oleivora,    Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Psoroptes spp., Rhipicephalus spp.,    Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp., Scorpio maurus, Stenotarsonemus    spp., Tarsone-mus spp., Tetranychus spp., Vaejovis spp., Vasates    lycopersici.-   From the order of Symphyla e.g. Scutigerella spp.-   From the order of Chilopoda e.g. Geophilus spp., Scutigera spp.-   From the order of Collembola e.g. Onychiurus armatus.-   From the order of Diplopoda e.g. Blaniulus guttulatus.-   From the order of Zygentoma e.g. Lepisma saccharina, Thermobia    domestica.-   From the order of Orthoptera e.g. Acheta domesticus, Blatta    orientalis, Blattella germanica, Dichroplus spp., Gryllotalpa spp.,    Leucophaea maderae, Locusta spp., Melanoplus spp., Periplaneta spp.,    Pulex irritans, Schistocerca gregaria, Supella longipalpa.-   From the order of Isoptera e.g. Coptotermes spp., Comitermes    cumulans, Cryptotermes spp., Incisitermes spp., Microtermes obesi,    Odontotermes spp., Reticulitermes spp.,-   From the order of Heteroptera e.g. Anasa tristis, Antestiopsis spp.,    Boisea spp., Blissus spp., Calocoris spp., Campylomma livida,    Cavelerius spp., Cimex lectularius, Collaria spp., Creontiades    dilutus, Dasynus piperis, Dichelops furcatus, Diconocoris hewetti,    Dysdercus spp., Euschistus spp., Eurygaster spp., Heliopeltis spp.,    Horcias nobilellus, Leptocorisa spp., Leptoglossus phyllopus, Lygus    spp., Macropes excavatus, Miridae, Monalonion atratum, Nezara spp.,    Oebalus spp., Pentomidae, Piesma quadrata, Piezodorus spp., Psallus    spp., Pseudacysta persea, Rhodnius spp., Sahlbergella singularis,    Scaptocoris castanea, Scotinophora spp., Stephanitis nashi, Tibraca    spp., Triatoma spp.-   From the order of Anoplura (Phthiraptera) e.g. Damalinia spp.,    Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Ptirus pubis,    Trichodectes spp.-   From the order of Homoptera e.g. Acyrthosipon spp., Acrogonia spp.,    Aeneolamia spp., Agonoscena spp., Aleurodes spp., Aleurolobus    barodensis, Aleurothrixus spp., Amrasca spp., Anuraphis cardui,    Aonidiella spp., Aphanostigma piri, Aphis spp., Arboridia apicalis,    Aspidiella spp., Aspidiotus spp., Atanus spp., Aulacorthum solani,    Bemisia spp., Brachycaudus helichrysii, Brachycolus spp.,    Brevicoryne brassicae, Calligypona marginata, Cameocephala fulgida,    Ceratovacuna lanigera, Cercopidae, Ceroplastes spp., Chaetosiphon    fragaefolii, Chionaspis tegalensis, Chlorita onukii, Chromaphis    juglandicola, Chrysomphalus ficus, Cicadulina mbila, Coccomytilus    halli, Coccus spp., Cryptomyzus ribis, Dalbulus spp., Dialeurodes    spp., Diaphorina spp., Diaspis spp., Drosicha spp., Dysaphis spp.,    Dysmicoccus spp., Empoasca spp., Eriosoma spp., Erythroneura spp.,    Euscelis bilobatus, Ferrisia spp., Geococcus coffeae, Hieroglyphus    spp., Homalodisca coagulata, Hyalopterus arundinis, Icerya spp.,    Idiocerus spp., Idioscopus spp., Laodelphax striatellus, Lecanium    spp., Lepidosaphes spp., Lipaphis erysimi, Macrosiphum spp.,    Mahanarva spp., Melanaphis sacchari, Metcalfiella spp.,    Metopolophium dirhodum, Monellia costalis, Monelliopsis pecanis,    Myzus spp., Nasonovia ribisnigri, Nephotettix spp., Nilaparvata    lugens, Oncometopia spp., Orthezia praelonga, Parabemisia myricae,    Paratrioza spp., Parlatoria spp., Pemphigus spp., Peregrinus maidis,    Phenacoccus spp., Phloeomyzus passerinii, Phorodon humuli,    Phylloxera spp., Pinnaspis aspidistrae, Planococcus spp.,    Protopulvinaria pyriformis, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, Pseudococcus    spp., Psylla spp., Pteromalus spp., Pyrilla spp., Quadraspidiotus    spp., Quesada gigas, Rastrococcus spp., Rhopalosiphum spp.,    Saissetia spp., Scaphoides titanus, Schizaphis graminum,    Selenaspidus articulatus, Sogata spp., Sogatella furcifera,    Sogatodes spp., Stictocephala festina, Tenalaphara malayensis,    Tinocallis caryaefoliae, Tomaspis spp., Toxoptera spp., Trialeurodes    spp., Trioza spp., Typhlocyba spp., Unaspis spp., Viteus vitifolii,    Zygina spp.-   From the order of Coleoptera e.g. Acalymma vittatum, Acanthoscelides    obtectus, Adoretus spp., Agelastica alni, Agriotes spp., Alphitobius    diaperinus, Amphimallon solstitialis, Anobium punctatum, Anoplophora    spp., Anthonomus spp., Anthrenus spp., Apion spp., Apogonia spp.,    Atomaria spp., Attagenus spp., Bruchidius obtectus, Bruchus spp.,    Cassida spp., Cerotoma trifurcata, Ceutorrhynchus spp., Chaetocnema    spp., Cleonus mendicus, Conoderus spp., Cosmopolites spp.,    Costelytra zealandica, Ctenicera spp., Curculio spp., Cryptohynchus    lapathi, Cylindrocopturus spp., Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp.,    Dichocrocis spp., Diloboderus spp., Epilachna spp., Epitrix spp.,    Faustinus spp., Gibbium psylloides, Hellula undalis, Heteronychus    arator, Heteronyx spp., Hylamorpha elegans, Hylotrupes bajulus,    Hypera postica, Hypothenemus spp., Lachnostema consanguinea, Lema    spp., Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Leucoptera spp., Lissorhoptrus    oryzophiius, Lixus spp., Luperodes spp., Lyctus spp., Megascelis    spp., Melanotus spp., Meligethes aeneus, Melolontha spp., Migdolus    spp., Monochamus spp., Naupactus xantbographus, Niptus hololeucus,    Oryctes rhinoceros, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Oryzaphagus oryzae,    Otiorrhynchus spp., Oxycetonia jucunda, Phaedon cochleariae,    Phyllophaga spp., Phyllotreta spp., Popillia japonica, Premnotrypes    spp., Prostephanus truncatus, Psylliodes spp., Ptinus spp.,    Rhizobius ventralis, Rhizopertha dominica, Sitophilus spp.,    Sphenophorus spp., Stegobium paniceum, Sternechus spp., Symphyletes    spp., Tanymecus spp., Tenebrio molitor, Tribolium spp., Trogoderma    spp., Tychius spp., Xylotrechus spp., Zabrus spp.-   From the order of Hymenoptera e.g. Acromyrmex spp., Athalia spp.,    Atta spp., Diprion spp., Hoplocampa spp., Lasius spp., Monomorium    pharaonis, Solenopsis invicta, Tapinoma spp., Vespa spp.-   From the order of Lepidoptera e.g. Acronicta major, Adoxophyes spp.,    Aedia leucomelas, Agrotis spp., Alabama spp., Amyelois transitella,    Anarsia spp., Anticarsia spp. Argyroploce spp., Barathra brassicae,    Borbo cinnara, Bucculatrix thurberiella, Bupalus piniarius, Busseola    spp., Cacoecia spp., Caloptilia theivora, Capua reticulana,    Carpocapsa pomonella, Carposina niponensis, Chematobia brumata,    Chilo spp., Choristoneura spp., Clysia ambiguella, Cnaphalocerus    spp., Cnephasia spp., Conopomorpha spp., Conotrachelus spp.,    Copitarsia spp., Cydia spp., Dalaca noctuides, Diaphania spp.,    Diatraea saccharalis, Earias spp., Ecdytolopha aurantium,    Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Eldana saccharina, Ephestia spp., Epinotia    spp., Epiphyas postvittana, Etiella spp., Eulia spp., Eupoecilia    ambiguella, Euproctis spp., Euxoa spp., Feltia spp., Galleria    mellonella, Gracillaria spp., Grapholitha spp., Hedylepta spp.,    Helicoverpa spp., Heliothis spp., Hofmannophila pseudospretella,    Homoeosoma spp., Homona spp., Hyponomeuta padella, Kakivoria    flavofasciata, Laphygma spp., Laspeyresia molesta, Leucinodes    orbonalis, Leucoptera spp., Lithocolletis spp., Lithophane    antennata, Lobesia spp., Loxagrotis albicosta, Lymantria spp.,    Lyonetia spp., Malacosoma neustria, Maruca testulalis, Mamestra    brassicae, Mocis spp., Mythimna separata, Nymphula spp., Oiketicus    spp., Oria spp., Orthaga spp., Ostrinia spp., Oulema oryzae, Panolis    flammea, Panara spp., Pectinophora spp., Perileucoptera spp.,    Phthorimaea spp., Phyllocnistis citrella, Phyllonorycter spp.,    Pieris spp., Platynota stultana, Plodia interpunctella, Plusia spp.,    Plutella xylostella, Prays spp., Prodenia spp., Protoparce spp.,    Pseudaletia spp., Pseudoplusia includens, Pyrausta nubilalis,    Rachiplusia nu, Schoenobius spp., Scirpophaga spp., Scotia segetum,    Sesamia spp., Sparganothis spp., Spodoptera spp., Stathmopoda spp.,    Stomopteryx subsecivella, Synanthedon spp., Tecia solanivora,    Thermesia gemmatalis, Tinea pellionella, Tineola bisselliella,    Tortrix spp., Trichophaga tapetzella, Trichoplusia spp., Tuta    absoluta, Virachola spp.-   From the order of Diptera e.g. Aedes spp., Agromyza spp., Anastrepha    spp., Anopheles spp., Asphondylia spp., Bactrocera spp., Bibio    hortulanus, Calliphora erythrocephala, Ceratitis capitata,    Chironomus spp., Chrysomyia spp., Chrysops spp., Cochliomyia spp.,    Contarinia spp., Cordylobia anthropophaga, Culex spp., Culicoides    spp., Culiseta spp., Cuterebra spp., Dacus oleae, Dasyneura spp.,    Delia spp., Dermatobia hominis, Drosophila spp., Echinocnemus spp.,    Fannia spp., Gasterophilus spp., Glossina spp., Haematopota spp.,    Hydrellia spp., Hylemyia spp., Hyppobosca spp., Hypoderma spp.,    Liriomyza spp. Lucilia spp., Lutzomia spp., Mansonia spp., Musca    spp., Nezara spp., Oestrus spp., Oscinella frit, Pegomyia spp.,    Phlebotomus spp., Phorbia spp., Phormia spp., Prodiplosis spp.,    Psila rosae, Rhagoletis spp., Sarcophaga spp., Simulium spp.,    Stomoxys spp., Tabanus spp., Tannia spp., Tetanops spp., Tipula spp.-   From the order of Thysanoptera e.g. Anaphothrips obscurus,    Baliothrips biformis, Drepanothris reuteri, Enneothrips flavens,    Frankliniella spp., Heliothrips spp., Hercinothrips femoralis,    Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus, Scirtothrips spp., Taeniothrips    cardamoni, Thrips spp.-   From the order of Siphonaptera e.g. Ceratophyllus spp.,    Ctenocephalides spp., Tunga penetrans, Xenopsylla cheopis.-   From the phylums Plathelminthes and Nematoda as animal parasites    e.g. from the class of the Helminths e.g. Ancylostoma duodenale,    Ancylostoma ceylanicum, Acylostoma braziliensis, Ancylostoma spp.,    Ascaris spp., Brugia malayi, Brugia timori, Bunostomum spp.,    Chabertia spp., Clonorchis spp., Cooperia spp., Dicrocoelium spp.,    Dictyocaulus filaria, Diphyllobothrium latum, Dracunculus    medinensis, Echinococcus granulosus, Echinococcus multilocularis,    Enterobius vermicularis, Faciola spp., Haemonchus spp., Heterakis    spp., Hymenolepis nana, Hyostrongulus spp., Loa Loa, Nematodirus    spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Opisthorchis spp., Onchocerca volvulus,    Ostertagia spp., Paragonimus spp., Schistosomen spp., Strongyloides    fuellebomi, Strongyloides stercoralis, Stronyloides spp., Taenia    saginata, Taenia solium, Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella nativa,    Trichinella britovi, Trichinella nelsoni, Trichinella    pseudopsiralis, Trichostrongulus spp., Trichuris trichuria,    Wuchereria bancrofti.-   From the phylum Nematoda as plant pests e e.g. Aphelenchoides spp.,    Bursaphelenchus spp., Ditylenchus spp., Globodera spp., Heterodera    spp., Longidorus spp., Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp.,    Radopholus similis, Trichodorus spp., Tylenchulus semipenetrans,    Xiphinema spp.-   From the subphylum of protozoa e.g. Eimeria.

When applying the compounds according to the invention the applicationrates can be varied within a broad range. The dose of activecompound/application rate usually applied in the method of treatmentaccording to the invention is generally and advantageously

-   -   for treatment of aerial parts of plants, e.g. leaves, stems or        shoots (foliar treatment): from 0.1 to 10,000 g/ha, preferably        from 10 to 1,000 g/ha, more preferably from 50 to 300 g/ha; in        case of drench or drip application, the dose can even be        reduced, especially while using inert substrates like rockwool        or perlite;    -   for seed treatment: from 2 to 200 g per 100 kg of seed,        preferably from 3 to 150 g per 100 kg of seed, more preferably        from 2.5 to 25 g per 100 kg of seed, even more preferably from        2.5 to 12.5 g per 100 kg of seed;    -   for soil treatment: from 0.1 to 10,000 g/ha, preferably from 1        to 5,000 g/ha.

The doses herein indicated are given as illustrative examples of themethod according to the invention. A person skilled in the art will knowhow to adapt the application doses, notably according to the nature ofthe plant or crop to be treated.

The combination according to the invention can be used in order toprotect plants within a certain time range after the treatment againstpests and/or phytopathogenic fungi and/or micro-organisms. The timerange, in which protection is effected, spans in general 1 to 28 days,preferably 1 to 14 days, more preferably 1 to 10 days, even morepreferably 1 to 7 days after the treatment of the plants with thecombinations or up to 200 days after the treatment of plant propagationmaterial.

Furthermore combinations and compositions according to the invention mayalso be used to reduce the contents of mycotoxins in plants and theharvested plant material and therefore in foods and animal feed stuffmade therefrom. Especially but not exclusively the following mycotoxinscan be specified: Deoxynivalenole (DON), Nivalenole, 15-Ac-DON,3-Ac-DON, T2-und HT2-Toxins, Fumonisines, Zearalenone Moniliformine,Fusarine, Diaceotoxyscirpenole (DAS), Beauvericine, Enniatine,Fusaroproliferine, Fusarenole, Ochratoxines, Patuline, Ergotalkaloidesund Aflatoxines, which are caused for example by the following fungaldiseases: Fusarium spec., like Fusarium acuminaton, F. avenaceum, F.crookwellense, F. culmorum, F. graminearum (Gibberella zeae), F.equisei. F. fijikoroi, F. musarum, F oxysporon, F. proliferatmn, F.poae, F pseudograminearon, F sambucinum, F scirpi, F. semitectum, F.solani, F. sporotrichoides. F. langsethiae, F. subglutinans, F.tricinctum, F. verticillioides and others but also by Aspergillus spec.,Penicillium spec., Claviceps purpurea, Stachybotrys spec. and others.

The good fungicidal and/or insecticidal and/or acaricidal activity ofthe active compound combinations according to the invention is evidentfrom the example below. While the individual active compounds exhibitweaknesses with regard to the fungicidal and/or insecticidal and/oracaricidal activity, the combinations have an activity which exceeds asimple addition of activities.

A synergistic effect of fungicides, insecticides and acaricides isalways present when the fungicidal and/or insecticidal and/or acaricidalactivity of the active compound combinations exceeds the total of theactivities of the active compounds when applied individually.

The expected activity for a given combination of two active compoundscan be calculated as follows (cf. Colby, S. R., “Calculating Synergisticand Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations”, Weeds 1967, 15,20-22):

If

-   X is the efficacy when active compound A is applied at an    application rate of m ppm (or g/ha),-   Y is the efficacy when active compound B is applied at an    application rate of ppm (or g/ha),-   E is the efficacy when the active compounds A and B are applied at    application rates of m and n ppm (or g/ha), respectively, and    then

$E = {X + Y - \frac{X \cdot Y}{100}}$

The degree of efficacy, expressed in % is denoted. 0% means an efficacywhich corresponds to that of the control while an efficacy of 100% meansthat no disease is observed.

If the actual fungicidal activity exceeds the calculated value, then theactivity of the combination is super-additive, i.e. a synergistic effectexists. In this case, the efficacy which was actually observed must begreater than the value for the expected efficacy (E) calculated from theabovementioned formula.

A further way of demonstrating a synergistic effect is the method ofTammes (cf. “Isoboles, a graphic representation of synergism inpesticides” in Neth. J. Plant Path., 1964, 70, 73-80).

The invention is illustrated by the examples below. However, theinvention is not limited to the examples.

USE EXAMPLES Example A Myzus persicae Test

-   Solvent: 7 parts by weight of dimethylformamide-   Emulsifier: 2 parts by weight of alkylaryl polyglycolether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with the stated amount of solvent andemulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with emulsifier-containingwater to the desired concentration. Cabbage leaves (Brassica oleracea)which are heavily infested by the Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) aretreated by being sprayed into the preparation of the active compound ofthe desired concentration. After the specified period of time, themortality in % is determined. 100% means that all the aphids have beenkilled; 0% means that none of the aphids have been killed. In this test,for example, the following combinations according to the invention showa superior level of efficacy compared to the single compounds:

TABLE A Myzus persicae test Concentration of Mortality in % activecompound after 4 h Active compounds in ppm a.i. found* calc.** (I-1)2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 200 0 [1,4]dithiino[2,3- c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (4A.6) thiacloprid 4 20 (I-1) + (4A.6) 50:1 200 +4 40 20 Concentration of Mortality in % active compound after 1 d Activecompounds in ppm a.i. found* calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 200 0[1,4]dithiino[2,3- c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (4A.1)acetamiprid 4 10 (27.27) sulfoxaflor 0.8 20 (I-1) + (4A.1) 50:1 200 +4   40 10 (I-1) + (27.27) 250:1 200 + 0.8 50 20 Concentration ofMortality in % active compound after 2 d Active compounds in ppm a.i.found* calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 200 0 [1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (26.1) chloranthraniliprole0.8 40 (26.2) cyazypyr 4 50 (I-1) + (26.1) 250:1 200 + 0.8 80 40 (I-1) +(26.2) 50:1 200 + 4   70 50 Concentration of Mortality in % activecompound after 3 d Active compounds in ppm a.i. found* calc.** (I-1)2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 200 0 [1,4]dithiino[2,3- c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (3A.46) transfluthrin 4 0 (I-1) + (3A.46) 50:1200 + 4 20 0 *found = activity found **calc. = activity calculated usingColby's formula

Example B Phadeon cochleriae Larvae Test

-   Solvent: 7 parts by weight of dimethylformamide-   Emulsifier: 2 parts by weight of alkylaryl polyglycolether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with the stated amount of solvent andemulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with emulsifier-containingwater to the desired concentration. Cabbage leaves (Brassica oleracea)are treated by being sprayed into the preparation of the active compoundof the desired concentration and are infested with larvae of the mustardbeetle (Phaedon cochleariae) as long as the leaves are still moist.After the specified period of time, the mortality in % is determined.100% means that all the beetle larvae have been killed; 0% means thatnone of the beetle larvae have been killed. In this test, for example,the following combinations according to the invention show a superiorlevel of efficacy compared to the single compounds:

TABLE B Phaedon cochleariae larvae test Concentration of Mortality in %active compound after 1 d Active compounds in ppm a.i. found* calc.**(I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 200 0 [1,4]dithiino[2,3- c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (4A.4) imidacloprid 20 0 (I-1) + (4A.4) 10:1200 + 20 15 0 Concentration of Mortality in % active compound after 3 dActive compounds in ppm a.i. found* calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H-200 0 [1,4]dithiino[2,3- c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone(4A.1) acetamiprid 4 0 (4A.2) clothianidin 4 0 (26.2) cyazypyr 0.8 25(1A.15) methiocarb 20 35 (I-1) + (4A.1) 50:1 200 + 4 30 0 (I-1) + (4A.2)50:1 200 + 4 25 0 (I-1) + (26.2) 250:1   200 + 0.8 50 25 (I-1) + (1A.15)10:1  200 + 20 60 35 *found = activity found **calc. = activitycalculated using Colby's formula

Example C Plutella xylostella Test

-   Solvent: 7 parts by weight of dimethylformamide-   Emulsifier: 2 parts by weight of alkylaryl polyglycolether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with the stated amount of solvent andemulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with emulsifier-containingwater to the desired concentration. Cabbage leaves (Brassica oleracea)are treated by being sprayed into the preparation of the active compoundof the desired concentration and are infested with larvae of thediamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) as long as the leaves are stillmoist. After the specified period of time, the mortality in % isdetermined. 100% means that all the caterpillars have been killed; 0%means that none of the caterpillars have been killed. In this test, forexample, the following combinations according to the invention show asuperior level of efficacy compared to the single compounds:

TABLE C Plutella xylostella test Concentration of Mortality in % activecompound after 1 d Active compounds in ppm a.i. found* calc.** (I-1)2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 200 0 [1,4]dithiino[2,3- c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (6.1) abamectin 4 75 (26.1) chloranthraniliprole4 25 (5.2) spinosad 4 70 (I-1) + (6.1) 50:1 200 + 4 90 75 (I-1) + (26.1)50:1 200 + 4 45 25 (I-1) + (5.2) 50:1 200 + 4 85 70 Concentration ofMortality in % active compound after 2 d Active compounds in ppm a.i.found* calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 200 0 [1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (3A.11) β-cyfluthrin 4 40(I-1) + (3A.11) 10:1 200 + 4 65 40 *found = activity found **calc. =activity calculated using Colby's formula

Example D Spodoptera frugiperda Test/Seed Application

Corn seeds were treated with a determined concentration of the activecompounds. 14 days after sowing the leaves were cut off and infestedwith larvae of the fall army worm (Spodoptera frugiperda). After thespecified period of time, the mortality in % is determined. 100% meansthat all the caterpillars have been killed; 0% means that none of thecaterpillars have been killed. In this test, for example, the followingcombinations according to the invention show a superior level ofefficacy compared to the single compounds:

TABLE D Spodoptera frugiperda test/seed application ConcentrationEfficacy in % in mg 1 d after infestation Active compounds a.i./seedfound* calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 1 0 [1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (4 A.4) imidacloprid 0.25 0(I-1) + (4A.4) 4:1 1 + 0.25 28.6 0 Concentration Efficacy in % in mg 3 dafter infestation Active compounds a.i./seed found* calc.** (I-1)2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 1 23.8 [1,4]dithiino[2,3- c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (6.1) abamectin 0.25 4.8 (I-1) + (6.1) 4:1 1 +0.25 38.1 27.5 *found = activity found **calc. = activity calculatedusing Colby's formula

Example E Alternaria test (Tomatoes)/Preventive

-   Solvent: 24.5 parts by weight of acetone    -   24.5 parts by weight of dimethylacetamide-   Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent andemulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desiredconcentration. To test for preventive activity, young plants are sprayedwith the preparation of active compound at the stated rate ofapplication. After the spray coating has dried on, the plants areinoculated with an aqueous spore suspension of Alternaria solani. Theplants are then placed in an incubation cabinet at approximately 20° C.and a relative atmospheric humidity of 100%. The test is evaluated 3days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds tothat of the untreated control while an efficacy of 100% means that nodisease is observed. The table below clearly shows that the observedactivity of the active compound combination according to the inventionis greater than the calculated activity, i.e. a synergistic effect ispresent

TABLE E1 Alternaria test (tomatoes)/preventive Application rate ofactive compound Efficacy in % Active compounds in ppm a.i. found*calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 25 54 [1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 12.5 13 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (4A.4) imidacloprid200 30 100 13 (4A.6) thiacloprid 100 13 (4A.2) clothianidin 200 45 10049 (4A.7) thiamethoxam 200 64 (26.1) chlorantraniliprole 200 37 100 37(26.2) cyantraniliprole 100 28 (2B.2) fipronil 200 44 100 28 (27.27)sulfoxaflor 200 51 100 0 (I-1) + 4A.4) 1:8   25 + 200 92 68 (I-1) +4A.4) 1:4   25 + 100 70 60 (I-1) + (4A.4) 1:16 12.5 + 200 84 39 (I-1) +(4A.4) 1:8 12.5 + 100 71 24 (I-1) + (4A.6) 1:4   25 + 100 83 60 (I-1) +(4A.6) 1:8 12.5 + 100 67 24 (I-1) + (4A.2) 1:8   25 + 200 91 75 (I-1) +(4A.2) 1:16 12.5 + 200 93 52 (I-1) + (4A.2) 1:8 12.5 + 100 69 56 (I-1) +(4A.7) 1:16 12.5 + 200 91 78 (I-1) + (26.1) 1:8   25 + 200 94 71 (I-1) +(26.1) 1:4   25 + 100 84 71 (I-1) + (26.1) 1:8 12.5 + 100 72 45 (I-1) +(26.2) 1:8 12.5 + 100 68 37 (I-1) + (2B.2) 1:8   25 + 200 88 74 (I-1) +(2B.2) 1:4   25 + 100 77 67 (I-1) + (2B.2) 1:8 12.5 + 100 57 37 (I-1) +(27.27) 1:16 12.5 + 200 69 57 (I-1) + (27.27) 1:4   25 + 100 77 54*found = activity found **calc. = activity calculated using Colby'sformula

TABLE E2 Alternaria test (tomatoes)/preventive Application rate ofactive compound Efficacy in % Active compounds in ppm a.i. found*calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 50 58 [1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 25 50 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone 12.5 30 (6.1) abamectin100 32 (1A.15) methiocarb 200 47 100 45 (1A.21) thiodicarb 200 52(I-1) + (6.1) 1:8 12.5 + 100 69 52 (I-1) + (1A.15) 1:16 12.5 + 200 84 63(I-1) + (1A.15) 1:2   50 + 100 87 77 (I-1) + (1A.21) 1:8   25 + 200 8976 *found = activity found **calc. = activity calculated using Colby'sformula

Example F Botrytis Test (Beans)/Preventive

-   Solvent: 24.5 parts by weight of acetone    -   24.5 parts by weight of dimethylacetamide-   Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent andemulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desiredconcentration. To test for preventive activity, young plants are sprayedwith the preparation of active compound. After the spray coating hasdried on, 2 small pieces of agar covered with growth of Botrytis cinereaare placed on each leaf. The inoculated plants are placed in a darkenedchamber at 20° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of 100%. 2 daysafter the inoculation, the size of the lesions on the leaves isevaluated. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of theuntreated control, while an efficacy of 100% means that no disease isobserved. The table below clearly shows that the observed activity ofthe active compound combination according to the invention is greaterthan the calculated activity, i.e. a synergistic effect is present.

TABLE F Botrytis test (beans)/preventive Application rate of activecompound Efficacy in % Active compounds in ppm a.i. found* calc.** (I-1)2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 50 48 [1,4]dithiino[2,3- c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 25 131,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (4A.1) acetamiprid 100 0 (4A.7) thiamethoxam 1000 (26.1) chlorantraniliprole 200 0 100 0 (26.2) cyantraniliprole 200 0100 0 (27.27) sulfoxaflor 200 0 (I-1) + (4A.1) 1:2 50 + 100 63 48(I-1) + (4A.7) 1:2 50 + 100 68 48 (I-1) + (26.1) 1:4 50 + 200 58 48(I-1) + (26.1) 1:2 50 + 100 85 48 (I-1) + (26.1) 1:4 25 + 100 55 13(I-1) + (26.2) 1:4 50 + 200 66 48 (I-1) + (26.2) 1:8 25 + 200 50 13(I-1) + (26.2) 1:2 50 + 100 83 48 (I-1) + (27.27) 1:4 50 + 200 71 48(I-1) + (27.27) 1:8 25 + 200 50 13 *found = activity found **calc. =activity calculated using Colby's formula

Example G Fusarium graminearum Test (Barley)/Preventive

-   Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylacetamid-   Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound or active compound combination is mixed with thestated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is dilutedwith water to the desired concentration. To test for preventiveactivity, young plants are sprayed with the preparation of activecompound or active compound combination at the stated rate ofapplication. After the spray coating has been dried, the plants areslightly injured by using a sandblast and afterwards they are sprayedwith a conidia suspension of Fusarium graminearum. The plants are placedin the greenhouse under a translucent incubation cabinet at atemperature of approximately 22° C. and a relative atmospheric humidityof approximately 100%. The test is evaluated 5 days after theinoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of theuntreated control, while an efficacy of 100% means that no disease isobserved. The table below clearly shows that the observed activity ofthe active compound combination according to the invention is greaterthan the calculated activity, i.e. a synergistic effect is present

TABLE G Fusarium graminearum test (barley)/preventive Application rateof active compound Efficacy in % Active compounds in ppm a.i. found*calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 1000 50 [1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (4A.4) imidacloprid 1000 0(I-1) + (4A.4) 1:1 1000 + 1000 67 50 *found = activity found **calc. =activity calculated using Colby's formula

Example H Fusarim nivale (var. maius)-Test (Wheat)/Preventive

-   Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylacetamid-   Emulsifier 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound or active compound combination is mixed with thestated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is dilutedwith water to the desired concentration. To test for preventiveactivity, young plants are sprayed with the preparation of activecompound or active compound combination at the stated rate ofapplication. After the spray coating has been dried, the plants areslightly injured by using a sandblast and afterwards they are sprayedwith a conidia suspension of Fusarium nivale (var. majus). The plantsare placed in the greenhouse under a translucent incubation cabinet at atemperature of approximately 10° C. and a relative atmospheric humidityof approximately 100%. The test is evaluated 5 days after theinoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of theuntreated control, while an efficacy of 100% means that no disease isobserved. The table below clearly shows that the observed activity ofthe active compound combination according to the invention is greaterthan the calculated activity, i.e. a synergistic effect is present.

TABLE H Fusarium nivale (var. majus)-test (wheat)/preventive Applicationrate of active compound Efficacy in % Active compounds in ppm a.i.found* calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 500 29 [1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (4A.6) thiacloprid 1000 0(lA.21) thiodicarb 1000 0 (I-1) + (4A.6) 1:2 500 + 1000 71 29 (I-1) +(1A.21) 1:2 500 + 1000 57 29 *found = activity found **calc. = activitycalculated using Colby's formula

Example I Phytophthora Test (Tomatoes)/Preventive

-   Solvent: 24.5 parts by weight of acetone    -   24.5 parts by weight of dimethylacetamide-   Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent andemulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desiredconcentration. To test for preventive activity, young plants are sprayedwith the preparation of active compound at the stated rate ofapplication. After the spray coating has dried on, the plants areinoculated with an aqueous spore suspension of Phytophthora infestans.The plants are then placed in an incubation cabinet at approximately 20°C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of 100%. The test is evaluated 3days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy which corresponds tothat of the untreated control, while an efficacy of 100% means that nodisease is observed. The table below clearly shows that the observedactivity of the active compound combination according to the inventionis greater than the calculated activity, i.e. a synergistic effect ispresent.

TABLE I1 Phytophthora test (tomatoes)/preventive Application rate ofactive compound Efficacy in % Active compounds in ppm a.i. found*calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 50 43 [1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 12.5 18 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone 4A.1 acetamiprid 20027 4A.6 thiacloprid 100 16 4A.2 clothianidin 100 30 4A.7 thiamethoxam100 30 26.1 chlorantraniliprole 100 32 26.2 cyantraniliprole 100 30 2B.2fipronil 200 47 100 30 (I-1) + 4A.1 1:4 50 + 200 86 58 (I-1) + 4A.6 1:250 + 100 82 52 (I-1) + 4A.6 1:8 12.5 + 100   58 31 (I-1) + 4A.2 1:2 50 +100 80 60 (I-1) + 4A.7 1:2 50 + 100 82 60 (I-1) + 26.1 1:2 50 + 100 7361 (I-1) + 26.1 1:8 12.5 + 100   59 44 (I-1) + 26.2 1:2 50 + 100 84 60(I-1) + 2B.2 1:4 50 + 200 90 70 (I-1) + 2B.2 1:16 12.5 + 200   71 57(I-1) + 2B.2 1:2 50 + 100 85 60 (I-1) + 2B.2 1:8 12.5 + 100   55 43*found = activity found **calc. = activity calculated using Colby'sformula

TABLE I2 Phytophthora test (tomatoes)/preventive Application rate ofactive compound Efficacy in % Active compounds in ppm a.i. found*calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 50 28 [1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (2A.43) tefluthrin 200 0(5.2) spinosad 100 10 (1A.15) methiocarb 100 16 (27.16) 4-{[(6- 200 30chloropyridin-3- yl)methyl](2,2- difluoroethyl)amino}furan- 2(5H)-one(I-1) + (2A.43) 1:4 50 + 200 55 28 (I-1) + (5.2) 1:2 50 + 100 50 35(I-1) + (1A.15) 1:2 50 + 100 56 40 (I-1) + (27.16) 1:4 50 + 200 60 50*found = activity found **calc. = activity calculated using Colby'sformula

Example J Pyrenophora teres Test (Barley)/Preventive

-   Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylacetamid-   Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound or active compound combination is mixed with thestated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is dilutedwith water to the desired concentration. To test for preventiveactivity, young plants are sprayed with the preparation of activecompound or active compound combination at the stated rate ofapplication. After the spray coating has been dried, the plants aresprayed with a spore suspension of Pyrenophora teres. The plants remainfor 48 hours in an incubation cabinet at approximately 20° C. and arelative atmospheric humidity of approximately 100%. The plants areplaced in the greenhouse at a temperature of approximately 20° C. and arelative atmospheric humidity of approximately 80%. The test isevaluated 8 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy whichcorresponds to that of the untreated control, while an efficacy of 100%means that no disease is observed. The table below clearly shows thatthe observed activity of the active compound combination according tothe invention is greater than the calculated activity, i.e. asynergistic effect is present.

TABLE J1 Pyrenophora teres test (barley)/preventive Application rate ofactive compound Efficacy in % Active compounds in ppm a.i. found*calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 1000 43 [1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (4A.7) thiamethoxam 1000 0(5.2) spinosad 1000 0 (I-1) + (4A.7) 1:1 1000 + 1000 86 43 (I-1) + (5.2)1:1 1000 + 1000 93 43 *found = activity found **calc. = activitycalculated using Colby's formula

TABLE J2 Pyrenophora teres test (barley)/preventive Application rate ofactive compound Efficacy in % Active compounds in ppm a.i. found*calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 500 43 [1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (2B.2) fipronil 500 0 (3A.10)cyfluthrin 500 0 (26.1) chlorantraniliprole 500 14 (4A.2) clothianidin500 0 (I-1) + (2B.2) 1:1 500 + 500 57 43 (I-1) + (3A.10) 1:1 500 + 50057 43 (I-1) + (26.1) 1:1 500 + 500 71 51 (I-1) + (4A.2) 1:1 500 + 500 5743 *found = activity found **calc. = activity calculated using Colby'sformula

Example K Septoria tritici Test (Wheat)/Preventive

-   Solvent: 49 parts by weight of n,n-dimethylacetamid-   Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound or active compound combination is mixed with thestated amounts of solvent and emulsifier, and the concentrate is dilutedwith water to the desired concentration. To test for preventiveactivity, young plants are sprayed with the preparation of activecompound or active compound combination at the stated rate ofapplication. After the spray coating has been dried, the plants aresprayed with a spore suspension of Septoria tritici. The plants remainfor 48 hours in an incubation cabinet at approximately 20° C. and arelative atmospheric humidity of approximately 100% and afterwards for60 hours at approximately 15° C. in a translucent incubation cabinet ata relative atmospheric humidity of approximately 100%. The plants areplaced in the greenhouse at a temperature of approximately 15° C. and arelative atmospheric humidity of approximately 80%. The test isevaluated 21 days after the inoculation. 0% means an efficacy whichcorresponds to that of the untreated control, while an efficacy of 100%means that no disease is observed. The table below clearly shows thatthe observed activity of the active compound combination according tothe invention is greater than the calculated activity, i.e. asynergistic effect is present.

TABLE K Septoria tritici test (wheat)/preventive Application rate ofactive compound Efficacy in % Active compounds in ppm a.i. found*calc.** (I-1) 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 500 0 [1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole- 1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (3A.43) tefluthrin 500 0(27.16) 4-{[(6- 1000 0 chloropyridin-3- yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino}furan- 2(5H)-one (I-1) + (3A.43) 1:1 500 + 500 56 0(I-1) + (27.16) 1:2  500 + 1000 56 0 *found = activity found **calc. =activity calculated using Colby's formula

Example L Ventura Test (Apples)/Preventive

-   Solvent: 24.5 parts by weight of acetone    -   24.5 parts by weight of dimethylacetamide-   Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weightof active compound is mixed with the stated amounts of solvent andemulsifier, and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desiredconcentration. To test for preventive activity, young plants are sprayedwith the preparation of active compound at the stated rate ofapplication. After the spray coating has dried on, the plants areinoculated with an aqueous conidia suspension of the causal agent ofapple scab (Venturia inaequalis) and then remain for 1 day in anincubation cabinet at approximately 20° C. and a relative atmospherichumidity of 100%. The plants are then placed in a greenhouse atapproximately 21° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity ofapproximately 90%. The test is evaluated 10 days after the inoculation.0% means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the untreated control,while an efficacy of 100% means that no disease is observed. The tablebelow clearly shows that the observed activity of the active compoundcombination according to the invention is greater than the calculatedactivity, i.e. a synergistic effect is present.

TABLE L1 Venturia test (apples)/preventive Application rate of activecompound Efficacy in % Active compounds in ppm a.i. found* calc.** (I-1)2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 50 29 [1,4]dithiino[2,3- c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (4A.6) thiacloprid 200 4 (4A.2) clothianidin 2000 100 0 (4A.7) thiamethoxam 200 25 100 18 (26.1) chlorantraniliprole 1000 (26.2) cyantraniliprole 200 18 100 0 (2B.2) fipronil 200 8 (27.27)sulfoxaflor 100 0 (I-1) + (4A.6) 1:4 50 + 200 73 32 (I-1) + (4A.2) 1:450 + 200 50 29 (I-1) + (4A.2) 1:2 50 + 100 51 29 (I-1) + (4A.7) 1:4 50 +200 73 47 (I-1) + (4A.7) 1:2 50 + 100 53 42 (I-1) + (26.1) 1:2 50 + 10068 29 (I-1) + (26.2) 1:4 50 + 200 55 42 (I-1) + (26.2) 1:2 50 + 100 5429 (I-1) + (2B.2) 1:4 50 + 200 54 35 (I-1) + (27.27) 1:2 50 + 100 52 29*found = activity found **calc. = activity calculated using Colby'sformula

TABLE L2 Venturia test (apples)/preventive Application rate of activecompound Efficacy in % Active compounds in ppm a.i. found* calc.** (I-1)2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 12.5 33 [1,4]dithiino[2,3- c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone 6.1 abamectin 200 51 100 53 3A.43 tefluthrin 10023 1A.15 methiocarb 100 4 27.16 4-{[(6- 200 8 chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2,2- difiuoroethyl)amino}furan- 2(5H)-one (I-1)2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H- 12.5 33 [1,4]dithiino[2,3- c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone 6.1 abamectin 200 51 100 53 3A.43 tefluthrin 10023 1A.15 methiocarb 100 4 27.16 4-{[(6- 200 8 chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2,2- difluoroethyl)amino}furan- 2(5H)-one (I-1) + 6.1 1:1612.5 + 200 93 67 (I-1) + 6.1 1:8 12.5 + 100 79 69 (I-1) + 3A.43 1:812.5 + 100 58 48 (I-1) + 1A.15 1:8 12.5 + 100 61 36 (I-1) + 27.16 1:1612.5 + 200 77 38 *found = activity found **calc. = activity calculatedusing Colby's formula

The invention claimed is:
 1. A composition comprising (A) at least onedithiino-tetracarboximide of formula (I)

in which R¹ and R² are identical and represent methyl, ethyl, n-propylor isopropyl, and n represents 0 or 1, or an agrochemically acceptablesalt thereof, and (B) at least one further active compound selected fromthe group consisting of methiocarb and thiodicarb.
 2. The compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein the compound of the formula (I) is (I-1)2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c′]dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone.3. The composition according to claim 1 further comprising auxiliaries,solvents, carriers, surfactants or extenders.
 4. The compositionaccording to claim 1 wherein the at least one dithiino-tetracarboximideand the least one further active compound are present in asynergistically effective weight ratio.
 5. The composition according toclaim 4 wherein the at least one dithiino-tetracarboximide and the leastone further active compound are present in a weight ratio of 250:1 to1:250.
 6. The composition according to claim 4 wherein the at least onedithiino-tetracarboximide and the at least one further active compoundare present in a weight ratio of 125:1 to 1:125.
 7. The compositionaccording to claim 4 wherein the at least one dithiino-tetracarboximideand the at least one further active compound are present in a weightratio of 50:1 to 1:50.
 8. The composition according to claim 4 whereinthe at least one dithiino-tetracarboximide and the at least one furtheractive compound are present in a weight ratio of 20:1 to
 120. 9. Thecomposition according to claim 1 further comprising seed.
 10. A methodfor controlling phytopathogenic fungi and/or animal pests in cropprotection, comprising applying the composition according to claim 1 toseed, to a plant, to a fruit of the plant, or to soil on which the plantgrows or soil from which the seed, the plant, or the fruit of the plantgrows.
 11. The method according to claim 10 wherein the composition isapplied to the soil on which the seed, the plant, or the fruit of theplant grows or from which the seed, the plant, or the fruit of the plantgrows.
 12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the composition isapplied as a foliar treatment.
 13. The method according to claim 12wherein the composition is applied at a rate from 0.1 to 10 000 g/ha.14. The method according to claim 10 wherein the composition is appliedto the seed.
 15. The method according to claim 14 wherein thecomposition is applied at rate of from 2 g to 200 g per 100 kg of seed.16. The method according to claim 10 wherein the plant is a transgenicplant.
 17. The method according to claim 10 wherein the seed is seed ofa transgenic plant.